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Journals Comparative Biochemistry and P...

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38242349/halloween-genes-are-expressed-with-a-circadian-rhythm-during-development-in-prothoracic-glands-of-the-insect-rhodnius-prolixus
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xanthe Vafopoulou, Colin G H Steel
We analyse the developmental and circadian profiles of expression of the genes responsible for ecdysteroidogenesis (Halloween genes) in the PGs of Rhodnius prolixus throughout larval-adult development. Extensive use of in vitro techniques enabled multiple different parameters to be measured in individual PGs. Expression of disembodied and spook closely paralleled the ecdysteroid synthesis of the same PGs, and the ecdysteroid titre in vivo, but with functionally significant exceptions. Various tissues other than PGs expressed one, both or neither genes...
January 17, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38228267/the-effects-of-low-ambient-temperature-on-steroidogenesis-and-mitochondrial-functions-in-the-testes-of-wild-ground-squirrels-spermophilus-dauricus
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shiman Guo, Wenjin Yang, Di Chen, Baolong Ren, Li Guo, Xi Wang, Wenqian Xie, Sijie Fan, Maria Daniela Artigas Ramirez, Yingying Han, Zhengrong Yuan, Haolin Zhang, Qiang Weng
Seasonal reproduction is a widely used breeding strategy in wildlife, especially vertebrates inhabiting temperate regions. Generally, ambient temperature is considered a significant factor influencing the reproductive status of animals. In the present study, wild ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus), typical seasonal breeders, were used as an animal model to investigate the mechanism behind the impact of low ambient temperature on testicular function. To simulate the winter environment of wild ground squirrels, we lowered the temperature gradient in the rearing environment to 4 °C...
January 14, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38228266/ecophysiological-responses-of-liolaemus-arambarensis-juveniles-to-experimental-temperature-variations
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Artur Antunes Navarro Valgas, Gustavo Kasper Cubas, Diogo Reis de Oliveira, Jéssica Fonseca Araujo, Stefani Altenhofen, Carla Denise Bonan, Guendalina Turcato Oliveira, Laura Verrastro
Climate change increasingly influences the loss of biodiversity, especially in ectothermic organisms, which depend on environmental temperatures to obtain heat and regulate their life cycle. Studies that aim to understand the impact of temperature variation are important to better understand the possible impacts generated on the homeostasis of ectothermic organisms. Our objective was to characterize the responses of juvenile Liolaemus arambarensis lizards to abrupt changes in temperature, quantifying markers of body condition, intermediary and hormonal metabolism and oxidative balance...
January 14, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38224901/clogmia-albipunctata-williston-1893-midgut-physiology-ph-control-and-functional-relationship-with-lower-diptera-nematoceran-especially-with-hematophagous-species
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luccas Gabriel Ferreira Malta, Leonardo Barbosa Koerich, Grasielle Caldas D'Ávila Pessoa, Ricardo N Araujo, Mauricio Roberto Viana Sant'Anna, Marcos H Pereira, Nelder Figueiredo Gontijo
Clogmia albipunctata (Williston, 1893) is a non-hematophagous insect belonging to the order Diptera, suborder Nematocera (Lower Diptera) and family Psychodidae. In the present work, we investigated how C. albipunctata control their midgut pH under different physiological conditions, comparing their midgut physiology with some nematoceran hematophagous species. The C. albipunctata midgut pH was measured after ingestion of sugar, protein and under the effect of the alkalinizing hormone released in the hemolymph of the hematophagous sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis obtained just after a blood meal...
January 13, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38220130/short-communication-characterizing-arterial-and-venous-blood-gases-over-the-gas-exchange-surface-the-chorioallantoic-membrane-of-embryonic-american-alligators-alligator-mississippiensis-at-two-points-of-development
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dane A Crossley, Janna L Crossley, Justin L Conner, Brandt Smith, Ruth Elsey, Derek Nelson, Tobias Wang
Assessments of arterial and venous blood gases are required to understand the function of respiratory organs in animals at different stages of development. We measured blood gases in the arteries entering and veins leaving the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) in embryonic alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). The CAM accounts for virtually all gas exchange in these animals, and we hypothesized that the CAM vasculature would be larger in eggs incubated in hypoxia (10% O2 for 50% or 70% of incubation), which would be reflected in a lower partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2 )...
January 12, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38220129/short-communication-baroreflex-function-in-embryonic-emus-dromiceius-novaehollandiae
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dane A Crossley, Brian P Bagatto, Ed M Dzialowski, Warren W Burggren, James W Hicks
The baroreflex involves cardiovascular homeostatic mechanisms that buffer the system against acute deviations in arterial blood pressure. It is comprised of the cardiac limb which involves adjustments in heart rate and the peripheral limb which involves adjustments in vascular resistance. This negative feedback loop mechanism has been investigated in numerous species of adult vertebrates, however our understanding of the maturation and functional importance of the reflex in developing animals remains poorly understood...
January 12, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38191049/identification-of-c1q-tnf-related-protein-4-as-a-novel-appetite-regulating-peptide-that-reduces-food-intake-in-siberian-sturgeon-acipenser-baerii
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shupeng Zhang, Yongpei Lu, Yanling Liu, Qin Kang, Qin Yao, Yingzi Li, Shuhuang Chen, Youlian Liu, Jiayi Du, Yixiao Xiong, Wenwen Zhu, Defang Chen, Xin Zhang, Ni Tang, Zhiqiong Li
Emerging findings point to a role for C1q/TNF-related protein 4 (CTRP4) in feeding in mammals. However, it remains unknown whether CTRP4 regulates feeding in fish. This study aimed to determine the feeding regulation function of CTRP4 in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). In this study, the Siberian sturgeon ctrp4 (Abctrp4) gene was cloned, and Abctrp4 mRNA was shown to be highly expressed in the hypothalamus. In the hypothalamus, Abctrp4 mRNA decreased during fasting and reversed after refeeding. Subsequently, we obtained the AbCTRP4 recombinant protein by prokaryotic expression and optimized the expression and purification conditions...
January 6, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38147959/possible-role-of-neuropeptide-y-on-zymosan-and-lipopolysaccharide-induced-change-in-gastrointestinal-feed-passage-via-the-medulla-oblongata-in-chicks
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maki Takahashi, Sakirul Khan, Mark A Cline, Tetsuya Tachibana
Zymosan is a fungi-derived pathogen-associated molecular pattern. It activates the immune system and induces the reduction of feed passage rate in the gastrointestinal tract of vertebrates including birds. However, the mechanism mediating the zymosan-induced inhibition of feed passage in the gastrointestinal tract remains unknown. Since the medulla oblongata regulates the digestive function, it is plausible that the medulla oblongata is involved in the zymosan-induced inhibition of feed passage. The present study was performed to identify the genes that were affected by zymosan within the medulla oblongata of chicks (Gallus gallus) using an RNA sequencing approach...
December 24, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38135145/transesophageal-echocardiography-of-cardiac-function-in-nile-crocodiles-a-novel-tool-for-assessing-complex-hemodynamic-patterns
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian F B Poulsen, Kim Munk, Tobias Wang, Mads Damkjaer
BACKGROUND: The crocodilian heart is unique among reptiles with its four-chambered structure and complete intracardiac separation of pulmonary and systemic blood flows and pressures. Crocodiles have retained two aortic arches; one from each ventricle, that communicate via Foramen of Panizza, immediately distally from the aortic valves. Moreover, crocodiles can regulate vascular resistance in the pulmonary portion of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). These unique features allow for a complex regulation of shunting between the pulmonary and systemic circulations...
December 20, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38122925/activation-and-characterization-of-g-protein-coupled-receptors-for-chhs-in-the-mud-crab-scylla-paramamosain
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nan Mo, Shucheng Shao, Yan Zhuang, Yanan Yang, Zhaoxia Cui, Chenchang Bao
Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) superfamily peptides constitute a group of neurohormones, including the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), molt-inhibiting hormone (MIH), and gonad-inhibiting hormone (GIH) or vitellogenesis-inhibiting hormone (VIH), which reportedly play an essential role in regulating various biological activities by binding to their receptors in crustaceans. Although bioinformatics analyses have identified G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as potential CHH receptors, no validation through binding experiments has been carried out...
December 18, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38113959/temperature-and-hypoxia-trigger-developmental-phenotypic-plasticity-of-cardiorespiratory-physiology-and-growth-in-the-parthenogenetic-marbled-crayfish-procambarus-virginalis-lyko-2017
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Torben Göpel, Warren W Burggren
Attempting to differentiate phenotypic variation caused by environmentally-induced alterations in gene expression from that caused by actual allelic differences can be experimentally difficult. Environmental variables must be carefully controlled and then interindividual genetic differences ruled out as sources of phenotypic variation. We investigated phenotypic variability of cardiorespiratory physiology as well as biometric traits in the parthenogenetically-reproducing marbled crayfish Procambarus virginalis Lyko, 2017, all offspring being genetically identical clones...
December 17, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38056556/understanding-olfactory-and-behavioural-responses-to-dietary-cues-in-age-1-lake-sturgeon-acipenser-fulvescens
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler Edwards, Ian Bouyoucos, Caleb Hasler, Mark Fry, Gary Anderson
Detection of environmental cues is essential for all vertebrates and is typically established by the olfactory epithelium and olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). In fishes, microvillous and ciliated OSNs are the principal types, typically detecting amino acids and bile salts, respectively. Activation of OSN receptors by specific ligands initiate downstream signal processing often leading to behavioural responses. In this study we used electrophysiological and behavioural techniques to evaluate olfactory detection and behaviour in juvenile lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in response to hatchery- and natural dietary cues...
December 4, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38056555/dietary-fatty-acids-and-flight-training-influence-the-expression-of-the-eicosanoid-hormone-prostacyclin-in-songbirds
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wales A Carter, Kristen J DeMoranville, Lisa Trost, Amadeusz Bryła, Maciej Działo, Edyta T Sadowska, Ulf Bauchinger, Barbara Pierce, Scott R McWilliams
Diet shifts can alter tissue fatty acid composition in birds, which is subsequently related to metabolic patterns. Eicosanoids, short-lived fatty acid-derived hormones, have been proposed to mediate these relationships but neither baseline concentrations nor the responses to diet and exercise have been measured in songbirds. We quantified a stable derivative of the vasodilatory eicosanoid prostacyclin in the plasma of male European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris, N = 25) fed semisynthetic diets with either high (PUFA) or low (MUFA) amounts of n6 fatty acid precursors to prostacyclin...
December 4, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38052346/postprandial-kinetics-of-digestive-function-in-rainbow-trout-oncorhynchus-mykiss-genes-expression-enzymatic-activity-and-blood-biochemistry-as-a-practical-tool-for-nutritional-studies
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Pascon, E Daniso, G Cardinaletti, M Messina, F Campagnolo, D Zuccaccia, F Tulli
Postprandial kinetics of genes expression of gastric (chitinase, pepsinogen) and intestinal (alkaline phosphatase, maltase) digestive enzymes and nutrient transporters (peptide transporter 1, sodium-glucose transporter 1), Brush Border Membrane (BBM) enzymes activity (alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, maltase, saccharase) and blood biochemistry (triglycerides, cholesterol, protein, albumin, glucose, amino acids) through NMR spectroscopy, were investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a commercial aquafeed...
December 3, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043640/exploring-transcriptional-and-post-transcriptional-epigenetic-regulation-of-crf-and-11%C3%AE-hsd2-in-rainbow-trout-brain-during-chronic-social-stress
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carol Best, Jan A Mennigen, Kathleen M Gilmour
Using dominance hierarchies in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as a model of chronic social stress in fish, we explored whether epigenetic transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms are involved in the gene expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βhsd2), key factors involved in the regulation of the endocrine stress axis response. In juvenile rainbow trout pairs, subordinate individuals display sustained elevation of circulating cortisol concentrations...
December 1, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38043639/cortisol-enhances-aerobic-metabolism-and-locomotor-performance-during-the-transition-to-land-in-an-amphibious-fish
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah J Young, Giulia S Rossi, Nicholas J Bernier, Patricia A Wright
Amphibious fishes on land encounter higher oxygen (O2 ) availability and novel energetic demands, which impacts metabolism. Previous work on the amphibious mangrove killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus) has shown that cortisol becomes elevated in response to air exposure, suggesting a possible role in regulating metabolism as fish move into terrestrial environments. We tested the hypothesis that cortisol is the mechanism by which oxidative processes are upregulated during the transition to land in amphibious fishes...
December 1, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38016591/ovarian-nesfatin-1-in-hemidactylus-flaviviridis-reproductive-phase-dependent-expression-role-and-hormonal-regulation
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krittika Dotania, Mamta Tripathy, Umesh Rai
Nesfatin-1 has recently emerged as a modulator of ovarian functions in mammals. Studies in non-mammalian vertebrates, though limited and majorly restricted to fishes, have evidenced a role of this peptide in the regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis and oocyte maturation. Interestingly, nesfatin-1 remains completely unexplored in reptiles. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the presence, role, and regulation of ovarian nesfatin-1 in the ovary of Hemidactylus flaviviridis. Ovarian expression of nucb2/nesfatin-1 was highest during late recrudescence and breeding while it was lowest during regression...
November 26, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38007175/identifying-genes-involved-in-the-secretory-physiological-response-to-feeding-in-pacific-white-shrimp-litopenaeus-vannamei-using-transcriptomics
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hu Chen, Zecheng Li, Haoli Yang, Jiangyuan Zhang, Ardavan Farhadi, Erchao Li
The physiological response to feeding is important for production aspects that include feed utilization and growth, and the responses require the action of numerous secretory factors. However, as an important aquaculture animal, the secretory response of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) after feeding has not been comprehensively characterized. In this study, transcriptome analysis showed that 3172 differentially expressed genes were involved in the post-feeding response, including 289 new genes not annotated in the L...
November 23, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989399/cardiorespiratory-reflexes-in-white-sturgeon-acipenser-transmontanus-lack-of-cardiac-baroreflex-response-to-blood-pressure-manipulation
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor Hugo da Silva Braga, Vinicius Araújo Armelin, Igor Guagnoni Noll, Luiz Henrique Florindo, William Kenneth Milsom
Arterial pressure (Pa) regulation is essential to adequately distribute nutrients to metabolizing tissues, remove wastes and avoid lesions associated with hypertension. In vertebrates, short-term Pa regulation is achieved through the baroreflex, which elicits inversely proportional changes in heart rate (fH ) and vascular resistance to restore Pa. The cardiac limb of this reflex has been reported in all vertebrate groups studied to date: teleosts, amphibians, snakes, lizards, crocodiles, birds and mammals - which led to the suggestion that the baroreflex is an ancient trait present in all vertebrate species...
November 19, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37981006/functional-relation-of-agouti-signaling-proteins-asips-to-pigmentation-and-color-change-in-the-starry-flounder-platichthys-stellatus
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Duk-Young Kang, Hyo-Chan Kim
We investigated the involvement of agouti-signaling proteins (ASIPs) in morphological pigmentation and physiological color change in flatfishes. We isolated ASIP1 and 2 mRNAs from the skin of starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), and compared their amino acid (aa) structures to those of other animals. Then, we examined the mRNA expression levels of two ASIPs (Sf-ASIPs) in the pigmented ocular body and in the unpigmented blind body, as well as in the ordinary skin and in albino skin, in flatfishes. To investigate the role of Sf-ASIPs in physiological color change (color camouflage), we compared the expression of the two genes in two background colors (dark-green and white)...
November 17, 2023: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology
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