Kidney & Blood Pressure Research

INTRODUCTION: Low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness in participants with kidney damage. It is uncertain whether this association is due to eGFR itself or is mediated by the eGFR-associated increases in fasting blood glucose (FBG). METHOD: The cross-sectional study included 865 Japanese participants with decreased kidney function, whose eGFR was less than 90mL/min/1.73m², were recruited from individuals who received medical healthcare...

UNLABELLED: A comprehensive pathophysiological mechanism to explain the relationship between high-salt intake and hypertension remains undefined. Evidence suggests that chloride, as the accompanying anion of sodium in dietary salt, is necessary to develop hypertension. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated whether reducing dietary Cl- while keeping a standard Na+ intake modified blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy, renal function, and vascular contractility after angiotensin II infusion...

INTRODUCTION: Apela has a wide range of biological effects on the cardiovascular system, but the changes and significance of endogenous Apela in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and acute deterioration of cardiac and renal function are unclear. METHODS: A total of 69 patients with stable CHF combined with well-preserved renal function were enrolled and followed for 12 months. The effects of Apela on human renal glomerular endothelial cells (hRGEC), human glomerular mesangial cells (hGMC) and human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were observed...

INTRODUCTION: SGLT2 inhibitors are used to reduce the risk of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In patients with type 2 diabetes, they have been found to reduce extracellular volume. Given the high prevalence of extracellular volume expansion and overhydration in CKD, we investigated whether SGLT2 inhibitors might correct these disturbances in CKD patients. METHODS: CKD patients who started treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor were investigated in this prospective observational study for 6 months...

INTRODUCTION: Renal fibrosis is a critical event in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and it is considered the final common pathway for all types of CKD. The prevalence of CKD is higher in females; however, males have a greater prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, low birth weight and low nephron number are associated with increased risk for CKD. This study examined the development and severity of unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) induced renal fibrosis in male and female wild-type (ROP +/+) and mutant (ROP Os/+) mice, a mouse model of low nephron number...

INTRODUCTION: It has been reported that rapamycin inhibited inflammation in renal interstitial diseases. We therefore hypothesized that rapamycin could attenuate inflammation in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). METHODS: Han:SPRD rats were treated with rapamycin by daily gavage from 4 weeks to 12 weeks of age at the dosage of 0.5mg/kg/day (low dose) or 1mg/kg/day (high dose). WT9-12 human PKD cells were treated with various concentrations of rapamycin. RESULTS: Two-kidney/total body weight ratio and cystic index in Cy/+ kidneys were significantly reduced with the treatment of low-dose rapamycin, and further reduced by the treatment with high-dose rapamycin...

INTRODUCTION: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors target SGLT2 in renal proximal tubules and promote glycosuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans and animal models, resulting in reduced blood glucose levels. Although clinical trials have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors attenuate the progression of chronic kidney disease, there have been concerns regarding SGLT2-induced acute kidney injury. In this study, we investigated the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on adriamycin-induced kidney injury in mice...

BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease with a prevalence of 1:400 to 1:1,000 in Caucasians. It is caused by mutations in the PKD1 gene located on chromosome 16p13.3 (in about 85% cases) as well as in the PKD2 gene on chromosome 4q13-23. In the Polish population, the disease is associated with PKD1 mutations in 84% of the ADPKD-affected families. PKD1 and PKD2 genes encode the proteins polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), respectively...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the prognostic impact of renal insufficiency and fluctuation of glomerular filtration observed during hospitalization for heart failure (HF) Material and Methods: We followed 3636 patients hospitalized for acute HF and assessed the mortality risk associated with moderate or severe renal insufficiency, either permanent or only transient. RESULTS: After adjustment, severe renal failure defined as estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) <30 mL/min indicates ≈60% increase in five-year mortality risk...

INTRODUCTION: In-center automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) has been more frequently adopted in clinical practice for maintenance PD patients in China. For a better understanding of its clinical uptake, this retrospective study reviewed incident PD patients for a period of 6 years, investigating the practice pattern of in-center APD, factors associated with the use of in-center APD, and report on the patient survival compared to the non-users of APD among hospitalised PD patients. METHODS: This was a cohort study of all incident PD patients who met the inclusion criteria from 2013/01/01 to 2018/09/30, and were followed until death, cessation of PD, loss to follow-up, or 2018/12/31...

Introduction High serum phosphorus level has been reported to be a risk factor for disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease. Whereas, its role in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) still remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum phosphorus and progression of IgAN. Methods A total of 247 patients diagnosed with IgAN from 2016.11 to 2019.12 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The association between serum phosphorus with kidney disease progression events, defined as 30% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and kidney failure, was evaluated using Cox models...

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to investigate the prospective role of serum irisin-a novel adipo-myokine-in all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). METHODS: A prospectively observational study was conducted with 154 PD patients. Baseline clinical data were collected from the medical records. Serum irisin concentrations were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were divided into the high irisin group (serum irisin ≥ 113...

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the function of vascular biomarkers to predict need for hemodialysis in critically-ill patients with COVID-19. METHODS: This is a prospective study with 58 critically-ill patients due to COVID-19 infection. Laboratory tests in general and vascular biomarkers, such as VCAM-1, Syndecan-1, Angiopoietin-1 and Angiopoeitin-2 were quantified on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. RESULTS: There was a 40% death rate. VCAM and Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio on ICU admission were associated with need for hemodialysis...

INTRODUCTION: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is a well-recognized cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to the tubulointerstitial inflammation. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features, outcomes, and responses to corticosteroid treatment in patients with ATIN. METHODS: Patients with biopsy proven ATIN, who were diagnosed between 1994-2016 at the Department of Nephrology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, were included in the study...

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Introduction This study aimed to investigate the effect of dapagliflozin in preventing post contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) who underwent an elective coronary procedure. Methods Data of patients with T2DM and CKD undergoing an elective coronary procedure at Civil Aviation General Hospital from October 2020 to April 2023, were collected from the electronic medical records. Based on dapagliflozin usage, patients were classified as dapagliflozin users and non-users...

Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) substantially worsens the prognosis of hospitalized patients world-wide. In order to optimize early AKI recognition and therapeutic intervention, AKI alert systems have been implemented and evaluated in the past. Herein, we aimed to analyze outcome var-iables of AKI patients under the conditions of a de-novo-established AKI alert system at the Brandenburg Hospital of the Brandenburg Medical School. Methods Automated e-mail messages were generated and sent to the nephrologist in responsibility based on an electronic algorithm...

INTRODUCTION: Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors have been reported to exert protective effects against organ damage and failure; however, the impact of direct renin inhibitor as monotherapy has not been assessed. Here we investigated the effects of 24-week monotherapy with aliskiren compared to amlodipine in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes or obesity. METHODS: In this randomized intervention study, 62 adult hypertensive patients with visceral obesity (defined as a body mass index [BMI] greater than 25 kg/m2 and visceral adipose tissue area [VFA] greater than 100 cm2) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (age 57 ± 13, 65% men, BMI 28...

INTRODUCTION: Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are risk factors for cardiovascular mortality (CVM). Pulse pressure (PP) is an easily available parameter of vascular stiffness, but its impact on CVM in chronic dialysis patients with diabetes is unclear. METHODS: Therefore, we have examined the predictive value of baseline, predialytic PP, SBP, DBP and MAP in the German Diabetes and Dialysis (4D) study, a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial enrolling 1255 patients with type 2 diabetes on hemodialysis in 178 German dialysis centers...

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive nephropathy (HN) is a high burden disorder and a leading cause of end-stage renal disorder. In spite of huge investigations, the underlying mechanisms are yet largely unknown. Systems biology is a promising approach to provide a comprehensive insight towards this complex disorder. METHODS: Protein expression profiles of kidney tubule and cortex sub-compartments were retrieved from the PRIDE database and the quality of the datasets were assessed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering...