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Journals Current Opinion in Pulmonary M...

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533802/an-update-of-palliative-care-in-lung-transplantation-with-a-focus-on-symptoms-quality-of-life-and-functional-outcomes
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dmitry Rozenberg, Rogih Riad Andrawes, Kirsten Wentlandt
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Palliative care (PC) in lung transplantation is increasingly acknowledged for its important role in addressing symptoms, enhancing functionality, and facilitating advance care planning for patients, families, and caregivers. The present review provides an update in PC management in lung transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Research confirms the effectiveness of PC for patients with advanced lung disease who are undergoing transplantation, showing improvements in symptoms and reduced healthcare utilization...
March 28, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488133/multidrug-resistant-tuberculosis-latest-opinions-on-epidemiology-rapid-diagnosis-and-management
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter S Nyasulu, Cheick Oumar Doumbia, Veranyuy Ngah, Antieme Combo Georges Togo, Bassirou Diarra, Gershom Chongwe
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review addresses the escalating global challenge of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on its complex comorbidity with HIV/AIDS. Emphasizing the urgency of the issue, the review aims to shed light on the unique healthcare landscape shaped by the convergence of high prevalence rates and intersecting complexities with HIV/AIDS in the region. RECENT FINDINGS: A notable increase in MDR-TB cases across Sub-Saharan Africa is attributed to challenges in timely diagnoses, treatment initiation, and patient treatment defaulting...
March 18, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477324/asthma-in-pregnancy-a-review-of-recent-literature
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly Colas, Jennifer Namazy
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma remains the most common respiratory disease in pregnancy. Identifying risk factors for asthma exacerbations during pregnancy is critical, as uncontrolled asthma can have detrimental effects for both mother and baby. In this review, we discuss recent literature exploring risk factors, fetal and maternal effects, and treatment options for asthma during pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent literature suggests that optimizing asthma during pregnancy improves outcomes for both mother and baby, as well as later in childhood...
March 14, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441436/obesity-related-asthma-new-insights-leading-to-a-different-approach
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adjan Witte, Yasemin Türk, Gert-Jan Braunstahl
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obesity is a growing global health threat that significantly contributes to the burden of asthma by increasing the risk of developing asthma and exerting a distinct effect on lung function and inflammation. The treatment of obesity-related asthma is hindered by a poor response to standard asthma treatments, leading to worse asthma control. Weight loss strategies have a significant effect on asthma symptoms but are not feasible for a large proportion of patients, underscoring the need for a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the development of additional treatment options...
March 5, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426355/long-term-safety-durability-of-response-cessation-and-switching-of-biologics
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arjun Mohan, Anna Y Qiu, Njira Lugogo
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Severe asthma patients suffer from decreased quality of life, and increased asthma symptoms, exacerbations, hospitalizations, and risk of death. Biologics have revolutionized treatment for severe asthma. However, with multiple biologic agents now available, clinicians must consider initial selection the long-term effectiveness of biologics. Additionally, patients have overlapping eligibilities and clinicians may consider switching between biologics for improved response...
March 4, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441430/remission-in-asthma
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marek Lommatzsch
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the current concepts of remission in asthma. RECENT FINDINGS: Until 2023, asthma guidelines have been promoting the concept of disease control, recommending the step-wise addition of drugs until the best possible disease control is achieved. With the advent of highly effective, anti-inflammatory disease-modifying antiasthmatic drugs (DMAADs), treatment goals of asthma have changed. Several national guidelines have now announced remission as a general treatment goal in asthma...
February 29, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415698/recent-developments-in-occupational-asthma
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Blouin, Catherine Lemière
PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW: Occupational asthma (OA) is a complex condition that can be difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this review is to describe some recent findings regarding the epidemiology of OA, the occupational sensitizing agents, the prognosis of OA, and its primary prevention. RECENT FINDINGS: The risk of developing OA varies according to the geographic localization of the worker, the type of industry and the type of sensitizing agents. New findings have been reported for several known sensitizing agents, such as isocyanates, seafood & cleaning agents, and their related industries, such as hairdressing salons and schools...
February 29, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411211/the-changing-landscape-of-infections-in-the-lung-transplant-recipient
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Lum, Christine Koval
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Infections in lung transplant recipients remain a major challenge and can affect lung allograft function and cause significant morbidity and mortality. New strategies for the prevention and treatment of infection in lung transplantation have emerged and are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS: For important vaccine preventable infections (VPIs), guidance has been updated for at risk solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. However, data on the efficacy of newer vaccines in lung transplant, including the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine, are limited...
February 27, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411206/lobar-or-sublobar-resection-of-peripheral-stage-i-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pedro Guimarães Rocha Lima, Matthieu Glorion, Moishe Liberman
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We aim to highlight two recent clinical trials that have altered the approach of the management of stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: The JCOG 0802 and CALGB 140503 trials demonstrated that sublobar resection is noninferior to lobectomy for overall and disease-free survival in patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer. SUMMARY: Since 1962, lobectomy has been deemed the gold standard treatment for operable lung cancer...
February 27, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411188/examining-the-impact-of-air-pollution-climate-change-and-social-determinants-of-health-on-asthma-and-environmental-justice
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felicia T Canaday, Steve N Georas, Daniel P Croft
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we discuss the current literature examining the impact air pollution and climate change has on asthma onset, control, and exacerbation. This review also addresses the risk of exposure to specific disproportionately affected communities, highlighting health disparities in exposure and asthma outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have shifted from highlighting the associations between asthma exacerbations and indoor and outdoor air pollution...
February 27, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411178/viral-infections-causing-asthma-exacerbations-in-the-age-of-biologics-and-the-covid-19-pandemic
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pedro A Lamothe, Violeta Capric, F Eun-Hyung Lee
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma exacerbations are associated with substantial symptom burden and healthcare costs. Viral infections are the most common identified cause of asthma exacerbations. The epidemiology of viral respiratory infections has undergone a significant evolution during the COVID-19 pandemic. The relationship between viruses and asthmatic hosts has long been recognized but it is still incompletely understood. The use of newly approved asthma biologics has helped us understand this interaction better...
February 27, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411202/disparities-across-the-continuum-of-lung-cancer-care-a-review-of-recent-literature
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren Kearney, Tatyana Nguyen, Katrina Steiling
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Health disparities have long been noted in lung cancer incidence and survival and persist across the continuum of care. Understanding the gaps in care that arise from disparities in lung cancer risk, screening, treatment, and survivorship are essential to guiding efforts to achieve equitable care. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent literature continues to show that Black people, women, and people who experience socioeconomic disadvantage or live in rural areas experience disparities throughout the spectrum of lung cancer care...
February 26, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411213/digital-inhalers-for-asthma-management
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giselle Mosnaim, Melinda Rathkopf
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although digital inhaler systems for asthma management have been commercially available for over a decade, their current use in clinical practice is limited. This review outlines barriers and offers potential solutions to their implementation. RECENT FINDINGS: Digital inhaler systems demonstrate increased controller medication adherence, decreased quick-relief medication use, and improved asthma control. SUMMARY: Use of digital inhaler systems is supported by data from large clinical trials demonstrating improved asthma outcomes...
February 22, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411181/lung-abscess-an-update-on-the-current-knowledge-and-call-for-future-investigations
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Søren Sperling, Victor Naestholt Dahl, Andreas Fløe
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Lung abscess is a severe and complex respiratory infection. The purpose of this review is to discuss recent publications on lung abscess, covering topics such as epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment and prevention. RECENT FINDINGS: Risk factors associated with lung abscess include structural lung disease, poor dental hygiene, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, while concerns are now raised regarding the potential of electronic cigarettes use as a risk factor...
February 20, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411158/lung-infections-due-to-emerging-fungal-pathogens
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisco J Machiavello Roman, Lauren Pischel, Marwan M Azar
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review highlights the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical management of pulmonary infections caused by emerging fungal organisms. RECENT FINDINGS: Emerging fungal infections have arisen as a result of population and environmental changes. An enlarging pool of immunocompromised hosts on triazole antifungal prophylaxis has led to an increased incidence of non-Aspergillus molds, such as Fusarium, Scedosporium and Lomentospora spp. Advances in diagnostic capabilities led to the identification of the Emergomyces genus and non-dermatitidis Blastomyces species, which have a significant disease burden in Africa and the Middle East...
February 16, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38345396/bacteriophages-for-bronchiectasis-treatment-of-the-future
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine Dominic, Hannah V Pye, Eleanor K Mishra, Evelien M Adriaenssens
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by dilated airways, persistent sputum production and recurrent infective exacerbations. The microbiology of bronchiectasis includes various potentially pathogenic microorganisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is commonly cultured from patients' sputum. P. aeruginosa is difficult to eradicate and frequently exhibits antimicrobial resistance. Bacteriophage therapy offers a novel and alternative method to treating bronchiectasis and can be used in conjunction with antibiotics to improve patient outcome...
February 13, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38323466/tuberculous-pleuritis-clinical-presentations-and-diagnostic-challenges
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ken Ka Pang Chan, Yun Chor Gary Lee
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is one of the most common types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We highlight the latest epidemiology of TBP, the heterogeneity of its presentation and the performance of different diagnostic strategies. RECENT FINDINGS: There are differential trends in the incidences of TBP worldwide. Its incidence increased in China but decreased in the United States in the past decade. The presentation of TBP is heterogeneous regarding clinical symptoms, radiological findings and pleural fluid analysis results...
February 7, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38323419/pulmonary-infections-in-the-returning-traveler
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca F Norman, Marta Gonzalez-Sanz
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The recent COVID-19 pandemic has shaped the epidemiology of other infectious diseases globally. International tourist arrivals are increasing and recovering to prepandemic levels. This review focuses on respiratory infections in travelers, highlighting the characteristics of the main imported viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections with pulmonary involvement. RECENT FINDINGS: A recent systematic review estimated a prevalence of respiratory symptoms in travelers of around 35%, increasing to nearly 65% in the context of mass gatherings...
February 7, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38305383/the-diagnosis-and-management-of-chronic-lung-allograft-dysfunction
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geert M Verleden, Jeroen M H Hendriks, Stijn E Verleden
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) remains a life-threatening complication following lung transplantation. Different CLAD phenotypes have recently been defined, based on the combination of pulmonary function testing and chest computed tomography (CT) scanning and spurred renewed interests in differential diagnosis, risk factors and management of CLAD. RECENT FINDINGS: Given their crucial importance in the differential diagnosis, we will discuss the latest development in assessing the pulmonary function and chest CT scan, but also their limitations in proper CLAD phenotyping, especially with regards to patients with baseline allograft dysfunction...
February 3, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38305352/artificial-intelligence-for-the-optimal-management-of-community-acquired-pneumonia
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Antonietta Barbieri, Vera Battini, Sessa Maurizio
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This timely review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) management, emphasizing its relevance in predicting the risk of hospitalization. With CAP remaining a global public health concern, the review highlights the need for efficient and reliable AI tools to optimize resource allocation and improve patient outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS: Challenges in CAP management delve into the application of AI in predicting CAP-related hospitalization risks, and complications, and mortality...
February 3, 2024: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
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