journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533636/the-possible-adaption-of-the-human-respiratory-system-to-past-atmospheres
#1
EDITORIAL
Alan Cannell
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 27, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532277/pulmonary-diffusing-capacity-for-carbon-monoxide-and-nitric-oxide-after-covid-19-a-prospective-cohort-study-the-secure-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Agnes Lytzen, Thora Wesenberg Helt, Jan Christensen, Thomas Kromann Lund, Anna Kalhauge, Frederikke Falkencrone Rönsholt, Daria Podlekavera, Elisabeth Arndal, Anne-Mette Lebech, Birgitte Hanel, Terese L Katzenstein, Ronan M G Berg, Jann Mortensen
Many patients exhibit persistently reduced pulmonary diffusing capacity after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this study, dual test gas diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (DL,CO,NO ) metrics and their relationship to disease severity and physical performance were examined in patients who previously had COVID-19. An initial cohort of 148 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 of all severities between March 2020 and March 2021 had a DL,CO,NO measurement performed using the single-breath method at 5...
March 26, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520700/low-load-resistance-exercise-with-and-without-blood-flow-restriction-which-is-more-effective-for-increasing-local-muscle-endurance-and-why
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathias Wernbom
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 23, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509637/age-and-sex-differences-in-microvascular-responses-during-reactive-hyperaemia
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tom Citherlet, Antoine Raberin, Giorgio Manferdelli, Gustavo R Mota, Grégoire P Millet
Microvascular impairments are typical of several cardiovascular diseases. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with a vascular occlusion test provides non-invasive insights into microvascular responses by monitoring skeletal muscle oxygenation changes during reactive hyperaemia. Despite increasing interest in the effects of sex and ageing on microvascular responses, evidence remains inconsistent. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of sex and age on microvascular responsiveness...
March 20, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502540/distinct-adaptations-of-muscle-endurance-but-not-strength-or-hypertrophy-to-low-load-resistance-training-with-and-without-blood-flow-restriction
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akito Ida, Kazushige Sasaki
Low-load resistance training promotes muscle strength and hypertrophic adaptations when combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). However, the effect of BFR on muscle endurance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of BFR on muscle performance and adaptation, with special reference to local muscle endurance. In experiment 1, eight healthy men performed unilateral elbow flexion exercise to failure at 30% of one-repetition maximum with BFR (at 40% of estimated arterial occlusion pressure) and free blood flow (FBF)...
March 19, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502538/breathing-patterns-and-associated-cardiovascular-changes-in-intermittently-breathing-animals-partially-correcting-a-semantic-quagmire
#6
REVIEW
Warren Burggren, Andreas Fahlman, William Milsom
Many animal species do not breathe in a continuous, rhythmic fashion, but rather display a variety of breathing patterns characterized by prolonged periods between breaths (inter-breath intervals), during which the heart continues to beat. Examples of intermittent breathing abound across the animal kingdom, from crustaceans to cetaceans. With respect to human physiology, intermittent breathing-also termed 'periodic' or 'episodic' breathing-is associated with a variety of pathologies. Cardiovascular phenomena associated with intermittent breathing in diving species have been termed 'diving bradycardia', 'submersion bradycardia', 'immersion bradycardia', 'ventilation tachycardia', 'respiratory sinus arrhythmia' and so forth...
March 19, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500291/cardiac-output-mediated-regulation-of-cerebral-blood-flow-during-exercise-clinical-perspectives-on-the-indirect-impact-of-muscle-metaboreflex
#7
REVIEW
Shigehiko Ogoh
The muscle metaboreflex stimulates the elevation of arterial blood pressure, aiming to rectify the oxygen deficit by enhancing oxygen delivery to support muscle activity. Moreover, activating the muscle metaboreflex significantly increases cardiac output (CO) by increasing factors such as heart rate, ventricular contractility, preload, stroke volume and mobilization of central blood volume. Previous studies indicate that ageing and cardiovascular diseases modify the muscle metaboreflex during exercise, limiting the ability to increase CO during physical activity...
March 18, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500268/time-course-changes-in-in-vivo-muscle-mechanical-function-and-ca-2-regulation-of-force-following-experimentally-induced-gradual-ovarian-failure-in-mice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Avery Hinks, Benjamin E Dalton, Parastoo Mashouri, Luke D Flewwelling, William Glen Pyle, Arthur J Cheng, Geoffrey A Power
The abrupt cessation of ovarian hormone release is associated with declines in muscle contractile function, yet the impact of gradual ovarian failure on muscle contractility across peri-, early- and late-stage menopause remains unclear. In this study, a 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced ovarian failure mouse model was used to examine time course changes in muscle mechanical function. Plantar flexors of female mice (VCD: n = 10; CON: n = 8) were assessed at 40 (early perimenopause), 80 (late perimenopause), 120 (menopause onset) and 176 (late menopause) days post-initial VCD injection...
March 18, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500266/can-a-pill-ca-2-channel-blockade-rescue-the-vascular-endothelium-from-ageing
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seth W Holwerda
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 18, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493319/when-is-the-right-time-to-initiate-rehabilitation-time-will-tell%C3%A2
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah M Greising, Jarrod A Call
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 17, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488681/adaptive-gait-responses-to-varying-weight-bearing-conditions-inferences-from-gait-dynamics-and-h-reflex-magnitude
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yong Kuk Kim, Michelle Gwerder, William R Taylor, Heiner Baur, Navrag B Singh
This study investigates the effects of varying loading conditions on excitability in neural pathways and gait dynamics. We focussed on evaluating the magnitude of the Hoffman reflex (H-reflex), a neurophysiological measure representing the capability to activate motor neurons and the timing and placement of the foot during walking. We hypothesized that weight manipulation would alter H-reflex magnitude, footfall and lower body kinematics. Twenty healthy participants were recruited and subjected to various weight-loading conditions...
March 15, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488678/intrinsic-ankle-stiffness-is-associated-with-paradoxical-calf-muscle-movement-but-not-postural-sway-or-age
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raymond F Reynolds, Anna M Liedtke, Martin Lakie
Due to Achilles tendon compliance, passive ankle stiffness is insufficient to stabilise the body when standing. This results in 'paradoxical' muscle movement, whereby calf muscles tend to shorten during forward body sway. Natural variation in stiffness may affect this movement. This may have consequences for postural control, with compliant ankles placing greater reliance upon active neural control rather than stretch reflexes. Previous research also suggests ageing reduces ankle stiffness, possibly contributing to reduced postural stability...
March 15, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478872/mitochondrial-transplantation-combined-with-coenzyme-q-10-induces-cardioprotection-and-mitochondrial-improvement-in-aged-male-rats-with-reperfusion-injury
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soleyman Bafadam, Behnaz Mokhtari, Manoucheher Seyedi Vafaee, Zohreh Zavvari Oscuyi, Samira Nemati, Reza Badalzadeh
Ischaemic heart diseases (IHD) are among the major causes of mortality in the elderly population. Although timely reperfusion is a common treatment for IHD, it causes additional damage to the ischaemic myocardium known as ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Considering the importance of preventing reperfusion injuries, we aimed to examine the combination effect of mitochondrial transplantation (MT) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ) in myocardial IR injury of aged male rats. Seventy-two aged male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: Sham, IR, CoQ10 , MT, combination therapy (MT + CoQ10 ) and vehicle...
March 13, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477070/experimental-bed-rest-as-a-model-to-investigate-mechanisms-of-and-countermeasures-against-microgravity-and-disease-free-inactivity
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Colleen S Deane, Damian Bailey
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 13, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466166/characterization-of-differences-in-immune-responses-during-bolus-and-continuous-infusion-endotoxin-challenges-using-mathematical-modelling
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristen A Windoloski, Susanne Janum, Ronan M G Berg, Mette S Olufsen
Endotoxin administration is commonly used to study the inflammatory response, and though traditionally given as a bolus injection, it can be administered as a continuous infusion over multiple hours. Several studies hypothesize that the latter better represents the prolonged and pronounced inflammation observed in conditions like sepsis. Yet very few experimental studies have administered endotoxin using both strategies, leaving significant gaps in determining the underlying mechanisms responsible for their differing immune responses...
March 11, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461483/muscle-fibre-size-and-myonuclear-positioning-in-trained-and-aged-humans
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Edmund Battey, Yotam Levy, Ross D Pollock, Jamie N Pugh, Graeme L Close, Michaeljohn Kalakoutis, Norman R Lazarus, Stephen D R Harridge, Julien Ochala, Matthew J Stroud
Changes in myonuclear architecture and positioning are associated with exercise adaptations and ageing. However, data on the positioning and number of myonuclei following exercise are inconsistent. Additionally, whether myonuclear domains (MNDs; i.e., the theoretical volume of cytoplasm within which a myonucleus is responsible for transcribing DNA) and myonuclear positioning are altered with age remains unclear. The aim of this investigation was to investigate relationships between age and activity status and myonuclear domains and positioning...
March 10, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460127/the-renal-vasodilatation-from-%C3%AE-adrenergic-activation-in-vivo-in-rats-is-not-driven-by-k-v-7-and-bk-ca-channels
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte Mehlin Sorensen, Max Salomonsson, Anniek Frederike Lubberding, Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou
The mechanisms behind renal vasodilatation elicited by stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors are not clarified. As several classes of K channels are potentially activated, we tested the hypothesis that KV7 and BKCa channels contribute to the decreased renal vascular tone in vivo and in vitro. Changes in renal blood flow (RBF) during β-adrenergic stimulation were measured in anaesthetized rats using an ultrasonic flow probe. The isometric tension of segmental arteries from normo- and hypertensive rats and segmental arteries from wild-type mice and mice lacking functional KV 7...
March 9, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460126/hyperaemia-during-dynamic-handgrip-exercise-is-preserved-in-healthy-young-subjects-after-recovery-from-covid-19
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eliza Prodel, Roberto Souza, Beatriz Divino, Helena N M Rocha, Natalia G Rocha, Antonio C L Nobrega
We sought to investigate possible impaired hyperaemia during dynamic handgrip exercise (HGE) in young healthy individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. We tested the vascular function in individuals recovered from COVID-19 using a nitric oxide donor (i.e., sodium nitroprusside; SNP), which could revert a possible impaired endothelial function during HGE. Further, we tested whether individuals who recovered from COVID-19 would present exaggerated brachial vascular resistance under an adrenergic agonist (i...
March 9, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460125/mechanisms-mediating-muscle-metaboreflex-control-of-cardiac-output-during-exercise-impaired-regulation-in-heart-failure
#19
REVIEW
Donal S O'Leary, Joseph Mannozzi
The ability to increase cardiac output during dynamic exercise is paramount for the ability to maintain workload performance. Reflex control of the cardiovascular system during exercise is complex and multifaceted involving multiple feedforward and feedback systems. One major reflex thought to mediate the autonomic adjustments to exercise is termed the muscle metaboreflex and is activated via afferent neurons within active skeletal muscle which respond to the accumulation of interstitial metabolites during exercise when blood flow and O2 delivery are insufficient to meet metabolic demands...
March 9, 2024: Experimental Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451148/female-thermal-sensitivity-and-behaviour-across-the-lifespan-a-unique-journey
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Davide Filingeri, Hannah Blount, Alessandro Valenza
Women are a group of individuals that undergo unique anatomical, physiological and hormonal changes across the lifespan. For example, consider the impact of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and menopause, all of which are accompanied by both short- and long-term effects on female body morphology (e.g., changes in breast size) and temperature regulation, heat tolerance, thermal sensitivity and comfort. However, empirical evidence on how skin thermal and wetness sensitivity might change across the lifespan of women, and the implications that this has for female-specific thermal behaviours, continues to be lacking...
March 7, 2024: Experimental Physiology
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