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REVIEW
Andreas Teufel, Masatoshi Kudo, Yuquan Qian, Jimmy Daza, Isaac Rodriguez, Christoph Reissfelder, Ezequiel Ridruejo, Matthias P Ebert
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains a significant global health burden with a high mortality rate. Over the past 40 years, significant progress has been achieved in the prevention and management of HCC. Hepatitis B vaccination programs, the development of direct acting antiviral drugs for Hepatitis C and effective surveillance strategies provide a profound basis for prevention for HCC. Advanced surgery and liver transplantation along with local ablation techniques potentially offer cure for the disease, Also just recently, the introduction of immunotherapy opened a new chapter in systemic treatment...
April 10, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilsoo Kim, Yu Ri Shin, Lee-So Maeng, Jung Min Kim, Joon Sung Kim, Byung-Wook Kim
Introduction Clarithromycin resistance is a crucial factor in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of MmaxSure™ H. pylori & ClaR Assay (MmaxSure™) in the diagnosis and detection of clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori. Methods Subjects who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy between April 2020 and October 2022 were enrolled. The diagnostic performance of MmaxSure™ and dual priming oligonucleotide (DPO)-based multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were compared with rapid urease test and culture...
April 10, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nela Stastna, Lumir Kunovsky, Michal Svoboda, Eva Pokojova, Lukas Homola, Miriam Mala, Zaneta Gracova, Barbora Jerabkova, Jana Skrickova, Jan Trna
INTRODUCTION: CFTR modulator therapy improves nutritional status and quality of life. Clinical trials have shown pancreatic insufficiency conversion, mostly in pediatric patients treated with ivacaftor. Studies with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in older patients have not suggested restoration of exocrine pancreas function, but quality data in adults are lacking. Our aim was to show the effect of ETI in adults with CF on nutritional status and digestive function. We hypothesized improvement of nutritional parameters and gastrointestinal symptoms, reduction of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, but uncertain improvement in exocrine pancreatic function...
April 3, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#4
REVIEW
Chiara Pierantoni, Lorenzo Cosentino, Luigi Ricciardiello
Colorectal cancer is known as one of the "big killers" in oncology given its burden in terms on morbidity and mortality. Since the second half of the last century, similarly to what happened for other solid tumors, a large series of cytotoxic molecules have been developed and tested to treat this disease. Following new discoveries in terms of colorectal cancer pathogenesis and specific pathways involved such as angiogenesis, a new series of drugs have been developed: targeted therapies. In this review we will briefly describe colorectal cancer molecular biology and its main pathways in order to retrace the main stages of oncological treatment development for colorectal cancer from the first available treatments to novel approaches to the disease...
March 26, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hong Liu, Yan Li, Chunliang Liu, Zheng Liu, Kailin Chen
INTRODUCTION: The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine (Cr) ratio (BUN/Cr ratio) may be used to evaluate the need for intervention of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). This study aimed to explore the predictive value of the BUN/Cr ratio in the need for intervention of AUGIB. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients with AUGIB in the hospital's emergency department between August 2019 and May 2023. The patients were grouped according to whether they underwent an intervention for AUGIB...
March 26, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#6
REVIEW
Valeria Maccauro, Francesca Fianchi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
BACKGROUND: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic disease of unknown etiology characterized by biliary inflammation and periductal fibrosis. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of PSC by regulating bile acids metabolism, inflammation and immune response. On the other hand, liver disease progression affects the composition of the gut microbiota, fostering these mechanisms in a mutual detrimental way. SUMMARY: Recent evidences described a specific pro-inflammatory microbial signature in PSC patients, with an overall reduced bacterial diversity and the loss of beneficial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids...
March 25, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter Lemmer, Lydia Christina Rohr, Marie Henning, Kerem Bulut, Paul Manka, Ali Canbay, Jan-Peter Sowa
INTRODUCTION: Early detection of patients with advanced chronic liver disease is critical for prevention of complications and inclusion in surveillance programs for hepatocellular carcinoma. In daily clinical care, it remains challenging to differentiate early cirrhosis from lower fibrosis grades without performing a liver biopsy. Aim of the present study was to assess performance of different non-invasive detection tools to differentiate cirrhosis from lower fibrosis grades. METHODS: Data of 116 patients (51 male, 65 female) with chronic liver disease of various origin undergoing liver biopsy was analysed...
March 25, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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REVIEW
Peter Kahrilas, Foteini Anastasiou, Albert J Bredenoord, Hashem B El Serag, Joachim Labenz, Juan Mendive, Edoardo V Savarino, Daniel Sifrim, Mihaela Udrescu, Rena Yadlapati, A Pali Hungin
BACKGROUND: Despite deprescribing initiatives to curb overutilisation of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), achieving meaningful reductions in PPI use is proving a challenge. SUMMARY: An international group of primary care doctors and gastroenterologists examined the literature surrounding PPI use and use-reduction to clarify: (i) what constitutes rational PPI prescribing; (ii) when and in whom PPI use-reduction should be attempted; and (iii) what strategies to use when attempting PPI use-reduction...
March 21, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Klare, Johann Hammer, Heinz Florian Hammer
BACKGROUND: There is no evidence that a positive breath test is a good predictor of success of a carbohydrate-restricted diet. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether patients in whom lactose or fructose intolerance (LIT, FIT) is diagnosed by symptom measurement using the adult Carbohydrate Perception Questionnaire (aCPQ) respond to diet. METHODS: Consecutive patients referred for evaluation of lactose or fructose intolerance underwent hydrogen/methane breath testing (malabsorption test) and symptom measurement with aCPQ (intolerance test) before and after 50g lactose or 25g fructose...
March 19, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#10
REVIEW
Stella I Smith, Christian Schulz, Rose Ugiagbe, Roland Ndip, Yakhya Dieye, Marcis Leja, Charles Onyekwere, Dennis Ndububa, Abraham Ajayi, Tolulope Funbi Jolaiya, Hyasinta Jaka, Mashiko Setshedi, Revathi Gunturu, Jesse Abiodun Otegbayo, Naima Lahbabi-Amrani, Anthony Oluwole Arigbabu, Violet Kayamba, Pueya Abdulrashid Nashidengo
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most prevalent type of bacterial infection. Current guidelines from different regions of the world neglect specific African conditions and requirements. The African Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (AHMSG), founded in 2022, aims to create an Africa-specific consensus report reflecting Africa-specific issues. SUMMARY: Eighteen experts from nine African countries and two European delegates supported by nine African collaborators from eight other countries prepared statements on the most important African issues in four working groups: (1) epidemiology, (2) diagnosis, (3) indications and prevention, and (4) treatment...
March 15, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Guerra, Francisco Barros, María Chaparro, José M Benítez, María Dolores Martín-Arranz, Ruth de Francisco, Marta Piqueras, Luisa de Castro, Ana Y Carbajo, Fernando Bermejo, Miguel Mínguez, Ana Gutiérrez, Francisco Mesonero, Fiorella Cañete, Carlos González-Muñoza, Marta Calvo, Beatriz Sicilia, Erika Alfambra, Montserrat Rivero, Alfredo J Lucendo, Carlos A Tardillo, Pedro Almela, Luis Bujanda, Manuel van Domselaar, Laura Ramos, María Fernández Sánchez, Esther Hinojosa, Cristina Verdejo, Anna Gimenez, Iago Rodríguez-Lago, Noemí Manceñido, José L Pérez Calle, Mónica Del Pilar Moreno, Pedro Genaro Delgado-Guillena, Beatriz Antolín, Patricia Ramírez de la Piscina, María José Casanova, Pilar Soto Escribano, Eduardo Martín Arranz, Isabel Pérez-Martínez, Raquel Mena, Natalia García Morales, Alicia Granja, Marta Maia Boscá Watts, Rubén Francés, Cristina Fernández, Margalida Calafat, Cristina Roig-Ramos, María Isabel Vera, Ángel Carracedo, Eugeni Domènech, Javier P Gisbert
BACKGROUND: Risk factors for developing pancreatitis due to thiopurines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not clearly identified. AIM: Our aim was to evaluate the predictive pharmacogenetic risk of pancreatitis in IBD patients treated with thiopurines. METHODS: We conducted an observational pharmacogenetic study of acute pancreatitis events in a cohort study of IBD patients treated with thiopurines from the prospectively maintained ENEIDA registry biobank of GETECCU...
March 7, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#12
REVIEW
H. pylori infection: A 40-year journey through shifting the paradigm to transforming the management.
Peter Malfertheiner, Christian Schulz, Richard H Hunt
Background Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) was discovered 40 years ago and has set a milestone in human medicine. The discovery led to rejection of the dogma of the acidic stomach as a sterile organ and requested to rewrite the chapters on gastric pathophysiology and gastroduodenal diseases . Summary Over a period of 40 years following the discovery ,more than 50.000 articles can be retrieved in Pubmed as of today and illustrate the amount and the intensity of research around the role of this bacterium. H.pylori emerged as cause of chronic gastritis and principal cause of peptic ulcer disease (PUD)...
March 6, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Xiao Shao, Xi-Chen Li, Zi-Jian Lin, Ye-Jiao Ruan, Guang-Rong Lu, Wei-Zhong Wang, He Huang
BACKGROUND: The objective of our study was to develop a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 3408 GSRCC patients between 1975 and 2017 were screened from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were conducted to identify independent prognostic factors for the construction of a nomogram...
February 9, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Licong Ma, Fang Gao, Wenjie Dong, Qiang Song, Yanbin Jia
Introduction Gastric cancer (GC) remains a global health challenge, and H. pylori infection is a main risk factor for non-cardia GC. The present study aimed to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) and MST2, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, and the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer (GC). Methods A case-control study was conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Taqman method to detect the titer of anti-H...
January 31, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pei-Shan Wu, Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Pei-Chang Lee, Tsung-Chieh Yang, Yu-Jen Chen, Ying-Ying Yang, Hui-Chun Huang, Shao-Jung Hsu, Teh-Ia Huo, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Han-Chieh Lin, Ming-Chih Hou
Introduction Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) is a novel biomarker for liver fibrosis, but little is known about its role in cirrhosis-associated clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the predictive role of M2BPGi in cirrhosis-associated complications. Methods One hundred and forty-nine cirrhotic patients were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were followed up for one year and cirrhosis-associated clinical events were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to establish the values of the predictive models for cirrhotic outcomes...
January 12, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Malgorzata Osmola, Nicolas Chapelle, Marie-Anne Vibet, Edith Bigot-Corbel, Damien Masson, Caroline Hemont, Adam Jirka, Justine Blin, David Tougeron, Driffa Moussata, Dominique Lamarque, Regis Josien, Jean-François Mosnier, Jérôme Martin, Tamara Matysiak-Budnik
Introduction Iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies are common in patients with atrophic gastritis, but there is limited data on the prevalence of these deficiencies in different types of atrophic gastritis. Methods This multicenter prospective study assessed micronutrient concentrations in patients with histologically confirmed autoimmune gastritis (AIG, n=45), H. pylori-related non-autoimmune gastritis (NAIG, n=109), and controls (n=201). A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing those deficiencies...
January 10, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#17
REVIEW
Nabeel Mansour, Simon Sirtl, Martin K Angele, Moritz Wildgruber
BACKGROUND: Sinistral or left-sided portal hypertension (SPH) is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage resulting from obstruction of the splenic vein. Venous drainage from the spleen via collaterals can result in venous hemorrhage both into the retroperitoneal and intraabdominal space due to increased venous blood pressure in peripancreatic and gastroduodenal vasculature. SPH can occur secondary to pancreatitis with thrombosis of the splenic vein. Another possible cause is the surgical ligation of the splenic vein as part of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD)...
January 5, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tshegofatso Kebotsamang, Derick Munkombwe, Lalusha Bwalya, Paul Kelly, Violet Kayamba
INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most important infections globally, affecting more than 50% of the human population. Clarithromycin (CLA) containing regimens are recommended for empirical eradication of H. pylori in populations with less than 15% resistance. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of CLA resistance in samples collected from Zambian patients to determine if CLA is suitable for first-line H. pylori empirical treatment. METHODOLOGY: We used archival biopsy samples collected from dyspeptic patients undergoing endoscopy...
January 5, 2024: Digestive Diseases
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Kyung Yeo, Sun Hyung Kang, Hyun Seok Lee, Hyuk Soo Eun, Hee Seok Moon, Eaum Seok Lee, Seok Hyun Kim, Jae Kyu Sung, Byung Seok Lee, Hyun Yong Jeong
INTRODUCTION: A narrow safety margin (NSM) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a well-recognized risk factor for local recurrence in early gastric cancer (EGC). However, only a few studies have investigated the risk factors for the development of NSM. METHODS: The medical records and pathologic specimens of patients with EGC who underwent ESD from January 2020 to December 2020 at a single tertiary hospital (Daejeon, South Korea) were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 218 patients were enrolled and 29 had NSM (< 3 mm)...
January 3, 2024: Digestive Diseases
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michiko Nakaoka, Hideyuki Chiba, Mikio Kobayashi, Naoya Okada, Jun Arimoto, Jun Tachikawa, Keiichi Ashikari, Hiroki Kuwabara
INTRODUCTION: Despite advances in endoscopic treatment, patients with serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) occasionally require surgery due to numerous or unresectable polyps, recurrence, and treatment-related adverse events. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 43 patients with SPS undergoing diagnosis and treatment at Omori Red Cross Hospital from 2011 to 2022. Resection of all polyps ≥3 mm in size was planned during the clearing phase; endoscopic control was defined as complete, endoscopic polyp removal...
2024: Digestive Diseases
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