journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484367/granulocyte-pro-myeloperoxidase-is-redundantly-processed-by-proprotein-convertase-furin-and-pc7-in-hl-60-cells
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa Lapointe, Frédéric Couture
Neutrophil myeloperoxidase/H2O2/chloride system is a key mechanism to control pathogen infection. This enzyme, myeloperoxidase, plays a pivotal role in the arsenal of azurophilic granules that are released through degranulation upon neutrophil activation which trigger local hypochlorous acid production. Myeloperoxidase gene encodes a protein precursor named promyeloperoxidase which arbor a propeptide that gets cleaved latter during secretory routing in post endoplasmic reticulum compartments. Although evidence suggested that this processing event was performed by one or different enzymes from the proprotein convertases family, the identity of this enzyme was never investigated...
March 14, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478957/chromatin-and-nucleosome-associated-features-in-liquid-biopsy-implications-for-cancer-biomarker-discovery
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas Penny, Sasha Main, Steven De Michino, Scott Bratman
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from the bloodstream has been studied for cancer biomarker discovery, and chromatin-derived epigenetic features have come into the spotlight for their potential to expand clinical applications. Methylation, fragmentation, and nucleosome positioning patterns of cfDNA have previously been shown to reveal epigenomic and inferred transcriptomic information. More recently, histone modifications have emerged as a tool to further identify tumor-specific chromatin variants in plasma. A number of sequencing methods have been developed to analyze these epigenetic markers, offering new insights into tumor biology...
March 13, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38417127/exogenous-hydrogen-sulfide-prevents-sod2-degradation-to-safeguard-renal-function-in-diabetic-kidney-disease
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Yang, Mengyi Wang, Huan Wang, Cheng Ren, Yifu Li
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major contributor to chronic kidney disease. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) serves as an endogenous gaseous signaling molecule capable of safeguarding renal function within the context of DKD. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to unveil the mechanisms by which H2S counteracts against DKD. Utilizing mice and human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells, we demonstrated a reduction in cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE)/H2S levels within renal tissues of db/db mice and in HK-2 cells subjected to hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic environments...
February 28, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408323/protamines-and-the-sperm-nuclear-basic-proteins-pandora-s-box-of-insects
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melissa R Leyden, Brent Gowen, Rodrigo Gonzalez-Romero, Jose Maria Eirin-Lopez, Bo-Hyun Kim, Fumio Hayashi, Jay McCartney, Patrick C Zhang, Miyoko Kubo-Irie, Jeffrey Shabanowitz, Donald F Hunt, Patrick Michael Ferree, Harold Kasinsky, Juan Ausio
Insects are the largest group of animals when it comes to the number and diversity of species. Yet, with the exception of Drosophila, no information is currently available on the primary structure of their sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs). This paper represents the first attempt in this regard and provides information about six species of Mecoptera: Poecillimon thessalicus, Graptosaltria nigrofuscata, Apis mellifera, Nasonia vitripennis, Parachauliodes continentalis, and Tribolium castaneum. The SNBPs of these species were characterized by acetic acid urea gel electrophoresis (AU-PAGE) and HPLC fractionated...
February 26, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377487/structure-based-design-of-small-molecule-inhibitors-of-the-cagt4ss-atpase-cag%C3%AE-of-helicobacter-pylori
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire Morin, Vijay Tailor Verma, Tarun Arya, Bastien Casu, Eric Jolicoeur, Réjean Ruel, Anne Marinier, Jurgen Sygusch, Christian Baron
We here describe the structure-based design of small molecule inhibitors of the type IV secretion system of Helicobacter pylori. The secretion system is encoded by the cag pathogenicity island, and we chose Cagα, a hexameric ATPase and member of the family of VirB11-like proteins, as target for inhibitor design. We first solved the crystal structure of Cagα in a complex with the previously identified small molecule inhibitor 1G2. The molecule binds at the interface between two Cagα subunits and mutagenesis of the binding site identified Cagα residues F39 and R73 as critical for 1G2 binding...
February 20, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346284/the-sperm-nuclear-basic-proteins-of-the-sword-fern-polystichum-munitum
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Ausio, Alistair Knox, Bo-Hyun Kim, Elaine Humphrey, Brent Gowen, Naoki Minamino, Patrick von Aderkas
Sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs) were isolated from extracted antheridia-rich male gametophytes raised from spores of the swordfern, Polystichum munitum. Electrophoretic (acetic acid-urea PAGE and SDS-PAGE) and chromatographic (rp-HPLC) characterization of the nuclear proteins exhibited the characteristics of the histone (H-type). In both types of gel electrophoresis, Histones H1, H2A, and H2B showed an altered electrophoretic mobility corresponding to that which is routinely observed for the histones in other plants...
February 12, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38306631/chestcovidnet-an-effective-dl-based-approach-for-covid-19-lung-opacity-and-pneumonia-detection-using-chest-radiographs-images
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naeem Ullah, Javed Ali Khan, Sultan Almakdi, Mohammed S Alshehri, Mimonah Al Qathrady, Muhammad Shahid Anwar, Ikram Syed
Currently used lung disease screening tools are expensive in terms of money and time. Therefore, chest radiograph images (CRIs) are employed for prompt and accurate COVID-19 identification. Recently, many researchers have applied Deep learning (DL) based models to detect COVID-19 automatically. However, their model could have been more computationally expensive and less robust, i.e., its performance degrades when evaluated on other datasets. This study proposes a trustworthy, robust, and lightweight network (ChestCovidNet) that can detect COVID-19 by examining various CRIs datasets...
February 2, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38190650/decreased-nmiia-heavy-chain-phosphorylation-at-s1943-promotes-mitoxantrone-resistance-by-upregulating-bcrp-and-n-cadherin-expression-in-breast-cancer-cells
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kemin Li, Tian Li, Yanan Niu, Yu Gao, Yifan Shi, Yifan He, Xuanping Zhang, Yan Wang, Jing Cao, Xiaoling Hu, Min Chen, Zan Rui Shi
Mitoxantrone (MX) is an effective treatment for breast cancer; however, high efflux of MX that is accomplished by breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) leads to acquired multidrug resistance (MDR), reducing MX's therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer. Non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) and its heavy phosphorylation at S1943 have been revealed to play key roles in tumor metastasis and progression, including in breast cancer; however, their molecular function in BCRP-mediated MDR in breast cancer remains unknown...
January 8, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38299505/note-of-appreciation
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 1, 2024: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38113480/evolution-of-techniques-and-tools-for-replication-fork-proteome-and-protein-interaction-studies
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carla-Marie Jurkovic, Francois-Michel Boisvert
Understanding the complex network of protein-protein interactions (PPI) that govern cellular functions is essential for unraveling the molecular basis of biological processes and diseases. Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying protein dynamics, enabling comprehensive analysis of protein function, structure, post-translational modifications, interactions, and localization. This article provides an overview of MS techniques and their applications in proteomics studies, with a focus on the replication fork proteome...
December 19, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38086039/identification-of-critical-mitochondrial-hub-gene-for-facial-nerve-regeneration
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofang Cao, Yan Zhang, Yu Shi, Ying Li, Li Gao, Xiumei Wang, Liang Sun
Mitochondria play a critical role in nerve regeneration, yet the impact of gene expression changes related to mitochondria in facial nerve regeneration remains unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed the expression profile of the facial motor nucleus (FMN) using data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE162977). By comparing different time points in the data, we identified Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Additionally, we collected mitochondria-related genes from the Gene Ontology (GO) database and intersected them with the DEGs, resulting in the identification of Mitochondria-related DEGs (MIT-DEGs)...
December 12, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38048555/yeast-profilin-mutants-inhibit-classical-nuclear-import-and-alter-the-balance-between-actin-and-tubulin-levels
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ursula Stochaj
Profilin is a small protein that controls actin polymerization in yeast and higher eukaryotes. In addition, profilin has emerged as a multifunctional protein that contributes to other processes in multicellular organisms. This study focuses on profilin (Pfy1) in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The primary sequence of yeast Pfy1 and its metazoan orthologs diverge vastly. However, structural elements of profilin are conserved among different species. To date, the full spectrum of Pfy1 functions has yet to be defined...
December 4, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38055655/time-to-treat-the-climate-and-nature-crisis-as-one-indivisible-global-health-emergency
#13
EDITORIAL
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 1, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38011682/histone-h4-asymmetrically-dimethylated-at-arginine-3-h4r3me2a-a-mark-of-super-enhancers
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sadhana R N Sudhakar, Li Wu, Shrinal Patel, Athanasios Zovoilis, James R Davie
Histone H4 asymmetrically dimethylated at arginine 3 (H4R3me2a) is an active histone mark catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1), a major arginine methyltransferase in vertebrates catalyzing asymmetric dimethylation of arginine. H4R3me2a stimulates the activity of lysine acetyltransferases such as CBP/p300 which catalyze the acetylation of H3K27, a mark of active enhancers, super-enhancers, and promoters. There are a few studies on the genomic location of H4R3me2a. In chicken polychromatic erythrocytes, H4R3me2a is found in introns and intergenic regions and binds to the globin locus control region (a super-enhancer), and globin regulatory regions...
November 27, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37997895/correction-protective-effect-of-nitronyl-nitroxide-against-hypoxia-induced-damage-in-pc12-cells
#15
Hongbo Luo, Wei Sun, Jin Shao, Huiping Ma, Zhengping Jia, Linlin Jing
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 24, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37988705/the-role-of-bcl2l13-in-glioblastoma-turning-a-need-into-a-target
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joadi Jacobs, Rosa Iranpour, Amir Barzegar Behrooz, Simone C da Silva Rosa, Saeid Ghavami
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive central nervous system (CNS) cancer. GBM has a high mortality rate, with a median survival time of 12-15 months after diagnosis. A poor prognosis and a shorter life expectancy may result from resistance to standard treatments such as radiation and chemotherapy. Temozolomide (TMZ) has been the mainstay treatment for GBM, but unfortunately, there are high rates of resistance with GBM bypassing apoptosis. A proposed mechanism for bypassing apoptosis is decreased ceramide levels, and previous research has shown that within GBM cells, BCL2L13 can inhibit ceramide synthase...
November 21, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37948675/optimized-total-rna-isolation-from-bovine-sperm-with-enhanced-sperm-head-lysis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saurabh Tiwari, Abdallah Shahat, John Kastelic, Nehal Thakor, Jacob Thundathil
Increasing evidence of sperm RNA's role in fertilization and embryonic development has provided impetus for its isolation and thorough characterization. Sperm are considered tough-to-lyse cells, due to compact condensed DNA in sperm heads. Lack of consensus among bovine sperm RNA isolation protocols introduces experimental variability in transcriptome studies. Here, we describe an optimized method for total RNA isolation from bovine sperm using TRIzol reagent. This study critically investigated effects of various lysis conditions on sperm RNA isolation...
November 10, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37922507/protein-arginine-methyltransferase-1-a-major-regulator-of-biological-processes
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sadhana R N Sudhakar, Shahper N Khan, Ariel Clark, Thordur Hendrickson-Rebizant, Shrinal Patel, Ted M Lakowski, James R Davie
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is a major type I arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of monomethyl and asymmetric dimethylarginine in protein substrates. It was first identified to asymmetrically methylate histone H4 at the 3rd arginine residue forming the H4R3me2a active histone mark. However, several protein substrates are now identified as being methylated by PRMT1. As a result of its association with diverse classes of substrates, PRMT1 regulates several biological processes like chromatin dynamics, transcription, RNA processing, and signal transduction...
November 3, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37921219/wwp2-binds-to-nkrf-enhances-the-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-signaling-and-promotes-malignant-phenotypes-of-acute-myeloid-leukemia-cells
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongjia Wang, Xin Lian, Kexin Wang, Shuye Wang
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the hematological malignancies with a high recurrence rate. WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 (WWP2) is identified as a pivotal regulator of tumor progression. This study aimed to assess the possible role of WWP2 in AML. Analysis of the GEPIA database indicated an elevated WWP2 expression in AML. We established stable WWP2-overexpressed or WWP2-silenced cells using lentivirus loaded with cDNA encoding WWP2 mRNA or shRNA targeting WWP2. Notably, WWP2 overexpression facilitated cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, which was manifested as the increase of colony formation number, S-phase percentage and cell cycle related protein levels...
November 3, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37917979/the-m6a-reader-igf2bp2-promotes-the-progression-of-esophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma-cells-by-increasing-the-stability-of-oct4-mrna
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong Zhao, Ting Li, Xinran Zhao, Ziyi Yang, Liying Ma, Xiaoxia Wang
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy with high morbidity and mortality. Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) serves as a reader of RNA m6A (N6 methyladenosine) modification to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Emerging evidence suggests that IGF2BP2 plays critical roles in tumorigenesis and malignant development. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism of IGF2BP2 in ESCC are not well understood. Here, we found that IGF2BP2 expression was upregulated in esophageal cancer tissues and ESCC cells, and IGF2BP2 overexpression enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, and stem cell-like properties of ESCC cells...
November 2, 2023: Biochemistry and Cell Biology
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