Acta Physiologica Hungarica

As consequence of the expansion of sedentary lifestyle among schoolchildren the prevalence of particular symptoms related to decreased cardiorespiratory fitness increases. The purpose of this study was twofolds, on one hand to compare boys in three developmental groups: second childhood (G1), puberty (G2), young adult (G3) and on the other hand to compare groups classified on resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) to differentiate cardiorespiratory output determining factors both at rest and at maximal load...

BACKGROUND: Catheter ablation is a proven therapy of focal atrial tachycardia. However limited information is available about the additional value of electroanatomical over conventional mapping methods for this specific arrhythmia. METHODS: Consecutive catheter ablation procedures of FAT were analyzed in two cardiology centres. Only conventional mapping was used in 30 of the 60 procedures whereas additionally CARTO mapping was performed in another 30 procedures...

The glomerular filtration barrier is a highly specialized tri-layer structure with unique functional properties. Podocyte dysfunction and cytoskeletal disorganization leads to disruption of the slit diaphragma, and proteinuria. Inflammatory diseases involving the kidney as well as inherited podocytopathies or diabetic nephropathy cause injury of the podocyte network. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a pathologic entity that is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome with severe proteinuria in both adults and children...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

UNLABELLED: In Hungary, ECG is a keystone of routine athletic screening. Its significance is based on simplicity, quickness and high informative value as well as the fact that appearance of pathological ECG signs can precede the formation of structural heart diseases. During screening of healthy athletes, we studied the incidence of athletic ECG changes and pathological ECG abnormalities. METHODS: We performed detailed analysis of 12-lead ECG recordings of asymptomatic elite, non-elite and master athletes and controls...

UNLABELLED: Mitochondrial functions have a major impact on T-cell functionality. In this study we characterized whether mitochondrial function in the neonatal T-cells differs from that in the adult T-cells during short T-cell activation. METHODS: We used flow cytometry methods to test mitochondrial mass and to monitor mitochondrial Ca²⁺ levels, mitochondrial potential and superoxide generation in parallel with cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ levels during phythohaemagglutinine-induced activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells of 12 term neonates and 11 healthy adults...

UNLABELLED: Tissue level myocardial perfusion is one of the most important prognostic factors after successful recanalisation of the occluded coronary artery in patients suffering acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The primary objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between videodensitometric myocardial perfusion parameters as assessed on coronary angiograms directly following successful recanalization therapy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived myocardial tissue loss late after STEMI...

UNLABELLED: Left atrial (LA) distension has been demonstrated to be linked with aortic stiffness in different patient populations. Three-dimensional (3D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) seems to be a promising tool for volumetric and functional evaluation of the LA. The aim of the present study was to determine whether correlations exist between 3DSTE-derived LA volume-based and strain parameters characterizing all phasic functions of the LA and echocardiographic aortic elastic properties in healthy subjects...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether tissue oxygen indices (TOIs) in two muscle groups oscillated and were synchronized in repetition of impulse exercise with high intensity. Five impulse exercises of 400 watts for 10 s were repeated with intervals of 6 min. During this period, TOI was determined by near-infrared spectroscopy in the vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius muscles. TOIs in the two muscles oscillated at rest. The TOIs rapidly decreased during each impulse exercise and then recovered and overshot after each impulse...

UNLABELLED: Periodontal inflammation is associated with morphological changes in the blood vessels which may influence the regulation of gingival blood flow (GBF). Our aim was to adapt the heat provocation test to the human gingiva to assess vascular reactivity in periodontal inflammation. METHOD: GBF was recorded by Laser Doppler Flowmetry before and after heat provocation in healthy volunteers (n = 50). Heat was generated either by warm saline or a halogen lamp...

Expiratory flow limitation can develop in parallel with the progression of COPD, and as a consequence, dynamic hyperinflation and lung mechanical abnormalities can develop. Dynamic hyperinflation can cause increased breathlessness and reduction in exercise tolerance. Achievement of critical inspiratory reserve volume is one of the main factors in exercise intolerance. Obesity has specific lung mechanical effects. There is also a difference concerning gender and dyspnoea. Increased nerve activity is characteristic in hyperinflation...

Influence of folic acid on the CNS is still unclear. Folate has a neuroprotective effect, while on the other hand excess folate can exacerbate seizures in epileptics. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of subchronic administration of folic acid on behavioural and electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics of DL homocysteine thiolactone induced seizures in adult rats. The activity of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and Mg²⁺-ATPase in different brain regions was investigated. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into groups: 1...

The aim of this study was to investigate the iron concentrations in serum and carotid plaque in patients with different morphology of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and compared with other metal ions. Carotid endarterectomy due to the significant atherosclerotic stenosis was performed in 91 patients. Control group consisted of 27 patients, without carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaques were divided into four morphological groups, according to ultrasonic and intraoperative characteristics. Iron, copper and zinc concentration in plaque, carotid artery and serum were measured by spectrophotometry...

Homocysteine thiolactone was demonstrated to inhibit the growth of 10-12-day-old chicken embryo cardiac tissue explants at 7 × 10⁻⁹ -1 × 10⁻³ M concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal cardiotoxic effect of homocysteine thiolactone was detected at 1 × 10⁻³ M, which corresponds to severe hyperhomocysteinemia. The results of experiments on culturing of cardiac tissue explants in the medium containing homocysteine thiolactone (1 × 10⁻³ M) and ouabain at concentrations regulating the signal-transducing (1 × 10⁻¹⁰ M) and pumping (1 × 10⁻⁸ M) functions of Na⁺,K⁺ -ATPase indicate that the cardiotoxic effect of homocysteine thiolactone is supposed to result from inhibition of the Na⁺,K⁺ -ATPase pumping function...

PURPOSE: Deformability/rheologic behavior of erythrocytes are related to near-surface membrane fluidity. Specific agents can increase erythrocyte membrane fluidity in order to adjust hemodynamics in cardiovascular diseases. Grapefruit flavanone naringenin has been proposed for potential use in an alternative therapy of cardiovascular conditions. In respect to this, we assessed here effects of two nutritionally relevant concentrations of naringenin (0.1 and 1 μg/ml) on near-surface membrane fluidity in human erythrocytes...

The Young's modulus of 10-12-day-old chick embryos' sensory neurons cultivated in dissociated cell culture was measured using a PeakForce Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping atomic force microscopy. The native cells were tested in control experiments and after application of ouabain. At low "endogenous" concentration of 10⁻¹⁰ M, ouabain tended to increase the rigidity of sensory neurons. We hypothesize that this trend resulted from activation of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase signal-transducing function.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to determine whether creatine malate (CML) supplementation results in similar ergogenic effect in sprinters and long-distance runners. The other goal was to compare changes in body composition, physical performance and hormone levels after six-week training in athletes, divided into subgroups supplemented with creatine malate or taking placebo. RESULTS: Six-week supplementation combined with physical training induced different effects in athletes...

The objective of the present study was to analyze the autonomic response of trained swimmers to traditional and reverse training periodization models. Seventeen swimmers were divided in two groups, performing a traditional periodization (TPG) or a reverse periodization (RPG) during a period of 10 weeks. Heart rate variability and 50 m swimming performance were analyzed before and after the training programs. After training, the TPG decreased the values of the high frequency band (HF), the number of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals longer than 50 ms (NN50) and the percentage of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals more than 50 ms (pNN50), and the RPG increased the values of HF and square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals (RMSSD)...

UNLABELLED: A β3 adrenoceptor agonist plays an important regulatory role in stimulation of thermogenesis and lipolysis and it appears to have anti-ulcer and spasmolytic effects. So the present aim was to examine the effect of BRL 37344 (a selective B3 adrenoceptor agonist) on reflux esophagitis. METHODS: Forty-eight rats were divided into twelve sham-operated with BRL 37344 and/or omeprazole with or without indomethacin. RE was induced in rats, then gastric acid output, pH, plasma nitric oxide (NO), esophageal PGE2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured and the esophageal injury was assessed by macroscopic damage score...