Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Abstract The increasing prevalence of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant isolates of Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) represents a global concern. Consequently, novel strategies for prevention and controlling infections caused by this bacterium are needed. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of in ovo injection with a formulation based on bacterial peptides, either alone or in combination with oligodeoxynucleotides containing cytosine-phosphodiester-guanine (CpG-ODN) against SH infection in chicks...

Samples of suspected FAdV-infected waterfowl from farms in Shandong Province were collected from 2019 to 2022.Single infections with FAdV were less frequent than mixed infections.477 out of 792 samples (60.23%) tested positive for FAdV nucleic acids.Detection rate of FAdV was 65.47% in fattening duck farms, 55.73% in breeder duck farms and 54.55% in fattening geese farms.

The application of bacteriophages (BP) could be a possible method to control poultry salmonellosis. However, the sensitivity of field isolates to different phages can restrict their application in the poultry industry. In this survey, the sensitivity of 20 Salmonella field isolates including 10 S. Typhimurium and 10 S. Enteritidis to a bacteriophage cocktail was evaluated. The investigated BP cocktail had a promising lytic effect on all field isolates in this survey. The lytic activity of the BP cocktail was retained at different pH values (5...

The two most common animal-based indicators used to evaluate leg health in broiler chickens are footpad dermatitis (FPD) and gait scoring (GS), but these indicators are less explored in broiler breeders. This study is the first to investigate FPD and GS in broiler breeders during their life span from rearing to end of life. In total, 8 flocks were monitored (4 Ross, 4 Hubbard) at five different time points, in rearing (5 and 15 weeks of age), during the production period (25 and 45 weeks of age) and at the end of the production period (approximately 60 weeks of age)...

Mortality of chicken embryos and first-week chickens was reported in a commercial incubator company in Costa Rica. Six 1-day-old Cobb chickens and twenty-four embryonated chicken eggs were examined in the Laboratory of Avian Pathology and the Laboratory of Bacteriology of the National University of Costa Rica. Twelve dead-in-shell embryos showed maceration and were immersed in a putrid, turbid, slightly thick brown liquid. Additionally, the other 12 embryonated eggs had milky yellow-orange content. The livers of those embryos had congestion, haemorrhages and multifocal cream foci of necrosis...

As a result of rapid growth of broilers, bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis has emerged in the last decade, with bacterial translocation from the gut to internal organs, including the femur head. In this study, we isolated translocated bacteria in femur heads, blood, and liver, during ageing of broilers, and identified the bacteria using 16S rDNA sequencing. We also provided histopathological descriptions of femur head lesions. Bacteria were isolated from blood, liver, and femoral head samples. In the femoral heads, an age-related presence of bacteria was observed, with high prevalence at 2 days post-hatch, and no bacteria isolated from femoral heads of broilers older than 14 days...

⬤ Urate tophi were found in the kidneys, liver, spleen and lungs.⬤ IFA confirmed the co-expression of GoAstV-I and II antigens in the same kidney.

Egg albumen inhibits Enterococcus cecorum cloaca strains more than lesion strains. Enterococcus cecorum lesion strains are resistant to high concentrations of lysozyme.Lysozyme resistance could enhance survival in albumen and body fluids.

Abstract Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is among the most important viruses of poultry, however, variants also cause clinical diseases in birds of the family Columbidae . From 2014 onwards, notable mortality rates have been observed in racing and rock pigeons, with a correlation to subgenotypes XXI.1.1 and XXI.1.2 of genotype XXI in Pakistan. In this study, we performed isolation and genetic characterization of 29 pigeon-derived NDV isolates of sub-genotype XXI.1.1, XXI.1.2 and VII.2. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete fusion gene sequences classified seven ( n  = 7) isolates into sub-genotype XXI...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

A sandwich ELISA was developed to detect EDSV using the mAbs 5G4 and HRP-6G6.The sandwich ELISA maintained high specificity and sensitivity.The sandwich ELISA had equivalent consistency with real-time PCR assay.

A thermostable, safe, and effective NDV GVII recombinant vaccine was generated.Fusion gene replacement with GVII did not affect GI K148/08 virus thermostability.Strain rK148/GVII-F provided adequate protection against a lethal NDV challenge.Oropharyngeal shedding was significantly reduced on post-challenge days 5 and 7.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) are a major threat to the global poultry industry and public health due to their zoonotic potential. Since 2016, Europe and France have faced major epizootics caused by clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAIV. To reduce sample-to-result times, point-of-care testing is urgently needed to help prevent further outbreaks and the propagation of the virus. This study presents the design of a novel real-time colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the detection of clade 2...

Abstract In the study an attempt was made to evaluate the relative efficacy of two important anti-gout agents, viz. allopurinol and febuxostat in the control of hyperuricemia/gout using poultry model. A 21 days' study was conducted on 48 VenCobb-400 broiler chicks randomly divided into four groups. In one group hyperuricemia/gout was induced by oral administration of diclofenac (group D), while in other two groups ameliorative effect of the two drugs under study was provided simultaneously i.e. diclofenac and allopurinol (group DA), diclofenac and febuxostat (group DF) and the fourth group was kept un-induced and untreated as control (group C)...

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) represents the primary causative agent of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chickens. CRD is prevalent ailment in the global poultry industry, resulting in substantial economic losses. In our previous work, we reported that miR-33-5p inhibits MG-induced apoptosis, inflammatory factors production, and MG replication by specifically targeting JNK1 in chickens. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms governing miR-33-5p expression during MG infection remain poorly understood. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore the regulation of miR-33-5p gene expression during MG infection...

Abstract Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a ubiquitous immunosuppressive pathogen causing severe burden to the poultry industry. Due to frequent mutation and reassortment events, its double-stranded, bi-segmented RNA genome displays a considerable heterogeneity, which in turn produces profound differences in antigenicity and pathogenicity. In recent years, the investigation of IBDV epidemiology has greatly benefited from the proposal of multiple phylogenetic classification systems which prompted the execution of molecular surveys all over the world, producing a wealth of standardized and easily sharable data...

This report describes a Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (SP) outbreak in a Dutch laying flock of 65 weeks of age (W) showing increased mortality, decreased egg production and neurological signs. The flock was vaccinated three times with a live S. Enteritis and S. Typhimurium vaccine in the rearing period. At 71 W, as mortality peaked, a live SG 9R vaccine was applied. At 76 W mortality decreased and egg production stabilized but did not return to a normal level.Post-mortem, histological, bacteriological and serological examinations were frequently performed...

Abstract The MS-H vaccine, containing a live strain of Mycoplasma synoviae is a feasible option for controlling M. synoviae infection in poultry flocks. A comprehensive understanding of vaccinated chickens, including strain differentiation and immune response mechanisms is required to optimize vaccination strategy. This study aimed to verify the PCR-RFLP molecular assay as a convenient technique for detecting the MS-H vaccine strain and to characterize the immune response mechanisms in experimental layer-type chickens receiving three different vaccination programs; a single dose at either 9 or 12 weeks of age or two doses at both 9 and 12 weeks of age...