Journal of Affective Disorders

BACKGROUND: Complex grief patterns are associated with significant suffering, functional impairments, health and mental health problems, and increased healthcare use. This burden may be even more pronounced among veterans. Behavioral Activation and Therapeutic Exposure (BATE-G) and Cognitive Therapy for Grief (CT-G) are two evidence-based interventions for grief. The goal of this study was to use a precision medicine approach to develop a personalized treatment rule to optimize assignment among these psychotherapies...

BACKGROUND: Associations between daily functional trajectories and new-onset all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the role of body weight are underexplored. METHODS: Data were from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 1994-2020. Daily function was assessed using (instrumental) activities of daily living ([I]ADLs). All-cause dementia and AD were defined by self- or proxy-reported physician diagnoses. Body weight was assessed using body mass index (BMI) and categorized as normal (18...

BACKGROUND: Pathological health anxiety (PHA) (e.g., hypochondriasis and illness anxiety disorder) is common in medical settings and associated with increased healthcare costs. However, the psychological and neurobiological mechanisms contributing to the development and maintenance of PHA are incompletely understood. METHODS: We performed a systematic review to characterize the mechanistic understanding of PHA. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched to find articles published between 1/1/1990 and 12/31/2022 employing a behavioral task and/or physiological measures in individuals with hypochondriasis, illness anxiety disorder, and PHA more broadly...

BACKGROUND: Individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) commonly experience co-occurring diagnoses, which are often overlooked and misdiagnosed and have detrimental impacts on accessing appropriate services. The prevalence of these co-occurring diagnoses varies widely in the existing literature and has not been examined in PAE without an FASD diagnosis. METHOD: A search was conducted in five databases and the reference sections of three review papers, finding a total of 2180 studies...

BACKGROUND: Over the past decades dozens of randomized trials have shown that psychological treatments are more effective than care-as-usual (CAU). It could be expected that these treatments are implemented in routine care and that the response rates in usual care improve over time. The aim of the current meta-analysis is to examine if response and remission rates in usual care have improved over time. METHODS: We used an existing meta-analytic database of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of psychological treatments of depression and selected CAU control groups from these trials...

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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary vitamin C intake and depression in adults. METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2005 to 2020. Logistic regressions and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression were used to assess the association between dietary vitamin C intake and depression. Additionally, we performed stratified and sensitivity analyses to evaluate the stability of the results...

UNLABELLED: History of childhood maltreatment (CM) is common and robustly associated with prenatal and postpartum (perinatal) depression. Given perinatal depression symptom heterogeneity, a transdiagnostic approach to measurement could enhance understanding of patterns between CM and perinatal depression. METHODS: In two independently collected samples of women receiving care at perinatal psychiatry clinics (n = 523 and n = 134), we categorized longitudinal symptoms of perinatal depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep into transdiagnostic factors derived from the Research Domain Criteria and depression literatures...

BACKGROUND: Neuroinflammation is involved in the advancement of depression. Du-moxibustion can treat depression. Here, we explored whether Du-moxibustion could alleviate neuroglia-associated neuro-inflammatory process in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were distributed into five groups. Except for the CON group, other four groups underwent CUMS for four consecutive weeks, and Du-moxibustion was given simultaneously after modeling...

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients have a higher risk of depression and are associated with severe adverse prognosis. The relationship between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and depressive symptoms in cancer patients is currently unclear. Therefore, our study mainly explores the potential association between LTPA and the weekly cumulative time of LTPA with depressive symptoms in cancer patients. METHODS: We included and analyzed 3368 cancer patients (aged >20 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the United States from 1999 to 2018...

OBJECTIVE: The Psychological-Physical-Pain Visual Analogue Scale (PPP-VAS) was thought to probably help in identifying patients at risk of suicide. However, no data on its validity to measure psychological pain was available. Our main aim was to investigate the convergent validity of the PPP-VAS using two well-validated scales of psychological pain, the Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain scale (OMMP) and the Holden et al. Psychache Scale. METHODS: This multicentre study recruited a total of 1618 adult psychiatric inpatients and outpatients in Italy...

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to irreversible blindness, is associated with heightened rates of generalized anxiety and depression. This study aims to comprehensively investigate brain morphological changes in glaucoma patients, extending beyond visual processing areas, and explores potential overlaps with alterations observed in anxiety and depression. METHODS: A comparative meta-analysis was conducted, using case-control studies of brain structural integrity in glaucoma patients...

BACKGROUND: Suicidality was very high among individuals who suffered from childhood trauma. The distribution of cumulative childhood trauma among youths remains unclear, as well as the specific effects of cumulative childhood trauma on suicidality. This study attempted to explore the distribution of cumulative childhood trauma and examine the specific effects of cumulative childhood trauma on suicidality. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was employed in this study, with 117,769 college students recruited from 63 universities in Jilin Province, China...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the influence of subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and full PTSD on quality of life following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). METHODS: Participants were 734 service members and veterans (SMV) classified into two injury groups: uncomplicated mild TBI (MTBI; n = 596) and injured controls (IC, n = 139). Participants completed a battery of neurobehavioral measures, 12-or-more months post-injury, that included the PTSD Checklist Civilian version, Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, and select scales from the TBI-QOL and MPAI...

BACKGROUND: Depression, a prevalent mental disorder, has shown an increasing trend in recent years, imposing a significant burden on health and society. Adequate sleep has been proven to reduce the incidence of depression. This study seeks to explore how Weekend Catch-up Sleep (WCS) is connected with the prevalence of depression in the American population. METHODS: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) provides representative data for the U...

BACKGROUND: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) face a high risk of heart failure and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Despite strong evidence that high LV relative wall thickness (RWT) is a risk marker for heart failure, few studies have evaluated LV RWT and aggravating factors in individuals with BD. METHODS: We recruited 104 participants (52 patients with BD and 52 age- and sex-matched mentally healthy controls) to undergo echocardiographic imaging and biochemistry, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and blood cell count measurements...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted mental health in the general population in Britain. Ethnic minority people suffered disproportionately, in terms of health and economic outcomes, which may contribute to poorer mental health. We compare the prevalence of depression and anxiety across 18 ethnic groups in Britain during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data (February-November 2021) from 12,161 participants aged 18-60 years old (N with data on outcomes = 11,540 for depression & 11,825 for anxiety), obtained from the Evidence for Equality National Survey (EVENS)...

BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma experience is closely associated with depression, anxiety, stress, and problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, few studies have explored the complex symptom-level relations between these variables among people with and without trauma experiences, leaving a gap in treating and alleviating these mental disorders among individuals with childhood trauma. METHODS: The current study used a convenience sampling method and recruited 2708 participants who completed Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21), and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), dividing them into trauma (n = 1454, Mean age  = 19...

BACKGROUND: Suicide is a major public health concern, and anxiety is a prevalent developmental challenge in adolescents closely linked to suicidal behavior. This study aimed to assess the association between anxiety in adolescents and subsequent risk of suicidal behavior through a meta-analysis, offering crucial insights for suicide prevention. METHODS: Six bibliographic databases were comprehensively searched to clarify the association between adolescents anxiety and subsequent risk of suicidal behavior...

BACKGROUND: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease that typically develops after a previous gastrointestinal (GI) infection. However, the exact association between Gut Microbiota (GM) and GBS still remains unknown due to various challenges. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal association between GM and GBS by using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (TSMR) analysis. METHODS: Utilizing the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis from the MiBioGen consortium (n = 13,266) as a foundation, we conducted a TSMR to decipher the causal relationship between GM and GBS...