journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280491/lipid-oxidation-in-emulsions-new-insights-from-the-past-two-decades
#1
REVIEW
Marie Hennebelle, Pierre Villeneuve, Erwann Durand, Jérôme Lecomte, John van Duynhoven, Anne Meynier, Betül Yesiltas, Charlotte Jacobsen, Claire Berton-Carabin
Lipid oxidation constitutes the main source of degradation of lipid-rich foods, including food emulsions. The complexity of the reactions at play combined with the increased demand from consumers for less processed and more natural foods result in additional challenges in controlling this phenomenon. This review provides an overview of the insights acquired over the past two decades on the understanding of lipid oxidation in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. After introducing the general structure of O/W emulsions and the classical mechanisms of lipid oxidation, the contribution of less studied oxidation products and the spatiotemporal resolution of these reactions will be discussed...
January 26, 2024: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38195013/mitochondrial-phospholipid-transport-role-of-contact-sites-and-lipid-transport-proteins
#2
REVIEW
Vijay Aditya Mavuduru, Lavanya Vadupu, Krishna Kanta Ghosh, Sabyasachi Chakrabortty, Balázs Gulyás, Parasuraman Padmanabhan, Writoban Basu Ball
One of the major constituents of mitochondrial membranes is the phospholipids, which play a key role in maintaining the structure and the functions of the mitochondria. However, mitochondria do not synthesize most of the phospholipids in situ, necessitating the presence of phospholipid import pathways. Even for the phospholipids, which are synthesized within the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), the phospholipid precursors must be imported from outside the mitochondria. Therefore, the mitochondria heavily rely on the phospholipid transport pathways for its proper functioning...
January 7, 2024: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37898352/advances-in-research-on-microbial-conjugated-linoleic-acid-bioconversion
#3
REVIEW
Chen Wu, Haiqin Chen, Yongchao Mei, Bo Yang, Jianxin Zhao, Catherine Stanton, Wei Chen
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a functional food ingredient with prebiotic properties that provides health benefits for various human pathologies and disorders. However, limited natural CLA sources in animals and plants have led microorganisms like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium to emerge as new CLA sources. Microbial conversion of linoleic acid to CLA is mediated by linoleic acid isomerase and multicomponent enzymatic systems, with CLA production efficiency dependent on microbial species and strains...
January 2024: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38154743/phosphatidic-acid-signaling-and-function-in-nuclei
#4
REVIEW
Shuaibing Yao, Sang-Chul Kim, Jianwu Li, Shan Tang, Xuemin Wang
Membrane lipidomes are dynamic and their changes generate lipid mediators affecting various biological processes. Phosphatidic acid (PA) has emerged as an important class of lipid mediators involved in a wide range of cellular and physiological responses in plants, animals, and microbes. The regulatory functions of PA have been studied primarily outside the nuclei, but an increasing number of recent studies indicates that some of the PA effects result from its action in nuclei. PA levels in nuclei are dynamic in response to stimuli...
December 26, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38040200/biosynthesis-of-phosphatidylglycerol-in-photosynthetic-organisms
#5
REVIEW
Koichi Kobayashi, Haruhiko Jimbo, Yuki Nakamura, Hajime Wada
Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) is a unique phospholipid class with its indispensable role in photosynthesis and growth in land plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. PG is the only major phospholipid in the thylakoid membrane of cyanobacteria and plant chloroplasts and a main lipid component in photosynthetic protein-cofactor complexes such as photosystem I and photosystem II. In plants and algae, PG is also essential as a substrate for the biosynthesis of cardiolipin, which is a unique lipid present only in mitochondrial membranes and crucial for the functions of mitochondria...
November 29, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37979798/oxylipin-transport-by-lipoprotein-particles-and-its-functional-implications-for-cardiometabolic-and-neurological-disorders
#6
REVIEW
Nuanyi Liang, Brian A Harsch, Sitong Zhou, Alison Borkowska, Gregory C Shearer, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, John W Newman, Kamil Borkowski
Lipoprotein metabolism is critical to inflammation. While the periphery and central nervous system (CNS) have separate yet connected lipoprotein systems, impaired lipoprotein metabolism is implicated in both cardiometabolic and neurological disorders. Despite the substantial investigation into the composition, structure and function of lipoproteins, the lipoprotein oxylipin profiles, their influence on lipoprotein functions, and their potential biological implications are unclear. Lipoproteins carry most of the circulating oxylipins...
November 17, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37940006/the-heterogeneity-and-complexity-of-skin-surface-lipids-in-human-skin-health-and-disease
#7
REVIEW
Dalibor Mijaljica, Joshua P Townley, Fabrizio Spada, Ian P Harrison
The outermost epidermal layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, is not simply a barrier that safeguards skin integrity from external insults and invaders, it is also a delicately integrated interface composed of firm, essentially dead corneocytes and a distinctive lipid matrix. Together, the stratum corneum lipid matrix and sebum lipids derived from sebaceous glands give rise to a remarkably complex but quite unique blend of skin surface lipids that demonstrates tremendous heterogeneity and provides the skin with its indispensable protective coating...
November 6, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37890592/effects-of-dha-on-cognitive-dysfunction-in-aging-and-alzheimer-s-disease-the-mediating-roles-of-apoe
#8
REVIEW
Xin Zhang, Tian Yuan, Xuhui Chen, Xuebo Liu, Jun Hu, Zhigang Liu
The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) continues to rise due to the increasing aging population. Among the various genetic factors associated with AD, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a lipid transporter, stands out as the primary genetic risk factor. Specifically, individuals carrying the ApoE4 allele exhibit a significantly higher risk. However, emerging research indicates that dietary factors play a prominent role in modifying the risk of AD. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a prominent ω-3 fatty acid, has garnered considerable attention for its potential to ameliorate cognitive function...
October 25, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37838255/omega-3-long-chain-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids-metabolism-and-health-implications
#9
REVIEW
Imad Khan, Mudassar Hussain, Bangzhi Jiang, Lei Zheng, Yuechao Pan, Jijie Hu, Adil Khan, Azqa Ashraf, Xiaoqiang Zou
Recently, omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) have gained substantial interest due to their specific structure and biological functions. Humans cannot naturally produce these fatty acids (FAs), making it crucial to obtain them from our diet. This comprehensive review details n-3 LC-PUFAs and their role in promoting and maintaining optimal health. The article thoroughly analyses several sources of n-3 LC-PUFAs and their respective bioavailability, covering marine, microbial and plant-based sources...
October 12, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37820872/how-fish-consumption-prevents-the-development-of-major-depressive-disorder-a-comprehensive-review-of-the-interplay-between-n-3-pufas-ltp-and-bdnf
#10
REVIEW
Łukasz Kołodziej, Piotr Lech Czarny, Sylwia Ziółkowska, Katarzyna Białek, Janusz Szemraj, Piotr Gałecki, Kuan-Pin Su, Tomasz Śliwiński
MDD (major depressive disorder) is a highly prevalent mental disorder with a complex etiology involving behavioral and neurochemical factors as well as environmental stress. The interindividual variability in response to stress stimuli may be explained by processes such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). LTP can be described as the strengthening of synaptic transmission, which translates into more efficient cognitive performance and is regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein responsible for promoting neural growth...
October 9, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37666282/the-skin-barrier-an-extraordinary-interface-with-an-exceptional-lipid-organization
#11
REVIEW
Joke A Bouwstra, Andreea Nădăban, Wim Bras, Clare McCabe, Annette Bunge, Gerrit S Gooris
The barrier function of the skin is primarily located in the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin. The SC is composed of dead cells with highly organized lipid lamellae in the intercellular space. As the lipid matrix forms the only continuous pathway, the lipids play an important role in the permeation of compounds through the SC. The main lipid classes are ceramides (CERs), cholesterol (CHOL) and free fatty acids (FFAs). Analysis of the SC lipid matrix is of crucial importance in understanding the skin barrier function, not only in healthy skin, but also in inflammatory skin diseases with an impaired skin barrier...
September 2, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37659458/the-fats-of-the-matter-lipids-in-prebiotic-chemistry-and-in-origin-of-life-studies
#12
REVIEW
Tania C B Santos, Anthony H Futerman
The unique biophysical and biochemical properties of lipids render them crucial in most models of the origin of life (OoL). Many studies have attempted to delineate the prebiotic pathways by which lipids were formed, how micelles and vesicles were generated, and how these micelles and vesicles became selectively permeable towards the chemical precursors required to initiate and support biochemistry and inheritance. Our analysis of a number of such studies highlights the extremely narrow and limited range of conditions by which an experiment is considered to have successfully modeled a role for lipids in an OoL experiment...
September 1, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37633365/sphingosine-1-phosphate-signaling-during-infection-and-immunity
#13
REVIEW
Sabira Mohammed, Anu Bindu, Arun Viswanathan, Kuzhuvelil B Harikumar
Sphingolipids are essential components of all eukaryotic membranes. The bioactive sphingolipid molecule, Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P), regulates various important biological functions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of S1P signaling pathway in various immune cell functions under different pathophysiological conditions including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and cancer. We covered the aspects of S1P pathways in NOD/TLR pathways, bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and tumor immunology...
August 24, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37619883/triacylglycerol-uptake-and-handling-by-macrophages-from-fatty-acids-to-lipoproteins
#14
REVIEW
Lei Deng, Sander Kersten, Rinke Stienstra
Macrophages are essential innate immune cells and form our first line of immune defense. Also known as professional phagocytes, macrophages interact and take up various particles, including lipids. Defective lipid handling can drive excessive lipid accumulation leading to foam cell formation, a key feature of various cardiometabolic conditions such as atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and obesity. At the same time, intracellular lipid storage and foam cell formation can also be viewed as a protective and anti-lipotoxic mechanism against a lipid-rich environment and associated elevated lipid uptake...
August 22, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37597812/fads2-function-at-the-major-cancer-hotspot-11q13-locus-alters-fatty-acid-metabolism-in-cancer
#15
REVIEW
Kumar S D Kothapalli, Hui Gyu Park, Niharika S L Kothapalli, J Thomas Brenna
Dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism and de novo lipogenesis is a key driver of several cancer types through highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) signaling precursors such as arachidonic acid. The human chromosome 11q13 locus has long been established as the most frequently amplified in a variety of human cancers. The fatty acid desaturase genes (FADS1, FADS2 and FADS3) responsible for HUFA biosynthesis localize to the 11q12-13.1 region. FADS2 activity is promiscuous, catalyzing biosynthesis of several unsaturated fatty acids by Δ6, Δ8, and Δ4 desaturation...
August 17, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37524133/pathophysiological-roles-and-applications-of-glycosphingolipids-in-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-cancer-diseases
#16
REVIEW
Xuefeng Jin, Guang-Yu Yang
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are major amphiphilic glycolipids present on the surface of living cell membranes. They have important biological functions, including maintaining plasma membrane stability, regulating signal transduction, and mediating cell recognition and adhesion. Specific GSLs and related enzymes are abnormally expressed in many cancer diseases and affect the malignant characteristics of tumors. The regulatory roles of GSLs in signaling pathways suggest that they are involved in tumor pathogenesis...
July 29, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37473965/can-the-new-adipokine-asprosin-be-a-metabolic-troublemaker-for-cardiovascular-diseases-a-state-of-the-art-review
#17
REVIEW
Zhengbin Zhang, Liwen Zhu, Ziqian Wang, Ning Hua, Shunying Hu, Yundai Chen
Adipokines play a significant role in cardiometabolic diseases. Asprosin, a newly discovered adipokine, was first identified as a glucose-raising protein hormone. Asprosin also stimulates appetite and regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. Its identified receptors so far include Olfr734 and Ptprd. Clinical studies have found that asprosin may be associated with cardiometabolic diseases. Asprosin may have diagnostic and therapeutic potential in obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases...
July 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37385352/endocannabinoid-signaling-in-adult-hippocampal-neurogenesis-a-mechanistic-and-integrated-perspective
#18
REVIEW
Sergio Oddi, Maria Teresa Fiorenza, Mauro Maccarrone
Dentate gyrus of the hippocampus continuously gives rise to new neurons, namely, adult-born granule cells, which contribute to conferring plasticity to the mature brain throughout life. Within this neurogenic region, the fate and behavior of neural stem cells (NSCs) and their progeny result from a complex balance and integration of a variety of cell-autonomous and cell-to-cell-interaction signals and underlying pathways. Among these structurally and functionally diverse signals, there are endocannabinoids (eCBs), the main brain retrograde messengers...
June 27, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37244504/lipidomics-in-pathogenesis-progression-and-treatment-of-nonalcoholic-steatohepatitis-nash-recent-advances
#19
REVIEW
Giovanni Musso, Francesca Saba, Maurizio Cassader, Roberto Gambino
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease affecting up to 30% of the general adult population. NAFLD encompasses a histological spectrum ranging from pure steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis and is becoming the most common indication for liver transplantation, as a result of increasing disease prevalence and of the absence of approved treatments. Lipidomic readouts of liver blood and urine samples from experimental models and from NASH patients disclosed an abnormal lipid composition and metabolism...
May 25, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37236370/archaeal-lipids
#20
REVIEW
Tomáš Řezanka, Lucie Kyselová, Denis J Murphy
The major archaeal membrane glycerolipids are distinguished from those of bacteria and eukaryotes by the contrasting stereochemistry of their glycerol backbones, and by the use of ether-linked isoprenoid-based alkyl chains rather than ester-linked fatty acyl chains for their hydrophobic moieties. These fascinating compounds play important roles in the extremophile lifestyles of many species, but are also present in the growing numbers of recently discovered mesophilic archaea. The past decade has witnessed significant advances in our understanding of archaea in general and their lipids in particular...
May 24, 2023: Progress in Lipid Research
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