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Journals Comparative Immunology, Microb...

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490118/evaluation-of-protective-efficacy-serological-responses-and-cytokine-modulation-induced-by-polyvalent-leptospira-vaccines-in-hamsters
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natasha Rodrigues de Oliveira, Mara Andrade Colares Maia, Francisco Denis Souza Santos, Amilton Clair Pinto Seixas Neto, Thaís Larré Oliveira Bohn, Odir Antônio Dellagostin
Whole-cell inactivated vaccines (bacterins) are the only licensed vaccines available for leptospirosis prevention and control, especially in domestic and farm animals. However, despite their widespread use, inconsistencies in their efficacy have been reported. Because immunity induced by bacterins is mainly mediated by antibodies against leptospiral lipopolysaccharides, the involvement of cellular responses is not well-known. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and characterize the humoral and cellular immune responses induced by whole-cell inactivated leptospirosis bacterin formulations containing serovars Bratislava, Canicola, Copenhageni, Grippotyphosa, Hardjoprajitno, and Pomona...
March 12, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513385/detection-of-pathogenic-leptospira-spp-in-unconventional-pets
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruna Carolina Ulsenheimer, Matheus Yuri Dos Santos, Bruna Della Flora, Diego Andres Rodriguez Matarrita, Sônia de Avila Botton, Ana Eucares Von Laer, Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira, Rafael Almeida Fighera, Alexandre Alberto Tonin
Leptospirosis is a disease caused by Leptospira spp. responsible for considerable impacts on the public and animal health. In the past two decades, non-domesticated species of pets (unconventional pets) have become popular. However, the role of these unconventional pets on maintaining diseases still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to survey the presence of Leptospira spp. DNA in unconventional pets. Samples of kidney tissues from 29 animals belonging to the Mammalia class (including Orders Carnivora, Lagomorpha and Rodentia) were analyzed for the presence of the gene lipL32...
March 8, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484424/prevalence-and-molecular-characterization-of-trichomonas-gallinae-from-pigeons-in-anhui-china
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yilei Zhang, Zhenxiao Lu, Zhenzhen Liu, Yuhan Zhou, Guodong Xiao, Ayanniyi Olalekan Opeyemi, Sihua Jin, Yongsheng Li, Tao Liu, Qiong Wu, Xingdong Sun, Qianming Xu, Qingxun Zhang, Congshan Yang
Trichomonas gallinae, a protozoan parasite causing avian trichomonosis, exhibits a widespread global prevalence. It primarily affects the upper digestive tract of birds and has resulted in significant ecological problems worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genotypes of T. gallinae in Anhui Province, China. A total of 1612 oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from pigeon farms in Anhui Province to determine the prevalence of T. gallinae infection. The results revealed 565 (35.1%) positive samples of T...
March 8, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460359/new-records-of-pathogenic-bacteria-in-different-species-of-fleas-collected-from-domestic-and-peridomestic-animals-in-spain-a-potential-zoonotic-threat
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio Zurita, Ignacio Trujillo, Cristina Cutillas
Climate change is causing many vectors of infectious diseases to expand their geographic distribution as well as the pathogens they transmit are also conditioned by temperature for their multiplication. Within this context, it is worth highlighting the significant role that fleas can play as vectors of important pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, our efforts focused on detecting and identifying a total of 9 bacterial genera (Rickettsia sp.; Bartonella sp.; Yersinia sp.; Wolbachia sp., Mycobacterium sp., Leishmania sp...
March 4, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460360/seroprevalence-and-associated-risk-factors-of-equine-herpesvirus-type-1-4-in-selected-districts-of-northwest-amhara-ethiopia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anmut Worku, Wassie Molla, Ambaye Kenubih, Daniel Gizaw, Ayelech Muluneh, Bemrew Admassu, Mebrat Ejo, Gashaw Getaneh Dagnaw, Abebe Belete Bitew, Tewodros Fentahun, Kalkidan Getnet, Haileyesus Dejene, Kassahun Berrie, Saddam Mohammed Ibrahim, Abebe Tesfaye Gessese, Melkie Dagnaw Fenta, Bereket Dessalegn, Mastewal Birhan, Mebrie Zemene Kinde
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, determine the distribution, and identify the epidemiological risk factors of EHV-1/-4 infections in selected districts of Northwest Amhara Region. 460 serum samples were collected from equines using multistage cluster sampling technique, and a competitive Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was performed. Various risk factors for the occurrence of EHV-1/-4 were considered. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.3.1. 65.9% (303) equids were tested positive for antibodies against EHV-1/-4...
March 2, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457963/seasonal-dynamics-and-genetic-characterization-of-bovine-arthropod-borne-parasites-in-nan-province-thailand-with-molecular-identification-of-anaplasma-platys-and-trypanosoma-theileri
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Apinya Arnuphapprasert, Yudhi Ratna Nugraheni, Sarawanee Khunmanee, Winai Kaewlamun, Morakot Kaewthamasorn
Virulent species or strains of hematophagous borne pathogens such as Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Trypanosoma spp., are lethal to susceptible animals or reduce their productivity on a global scale. Nonetheless, efforts to diagnose the causative agents and assess the genotypic profiles as well as quantify the parasite burden of aforementioned parasites across seasons remain limited. Therefore, the present investigation sought to elucidate the genotypic composition of Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp...
March 2, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447382/the-infection-of-cysticercus-fasciolaris-in-natural-rats-rattus-species-residing-in-human-residence-areas-nakhon-si-thammarat-thailand
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunsaneeya Thaikoed, Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Kittipong Chaisiri, Noppharat Tanthanathipchai, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Alok K Paul, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Phirabhat Saengsawang
Cysticercus fasciolaris (C. fasciolaris) is the larval stage of a cestode parasite named Taenia taeniaeformis (T. taeniaeformis). C. fasiolaris is found in small rodents, especially rats. Rattus species are listed as intermediate hosts of this parasite, and cats are the main definitive host of C. fasiolaris. The objective of this study was to study the pathological, microscopic, and molecular aspects of C. fasciolaris in rodents residing in human residence areas. One hundred and two rodents were trapped in human settlements and dissected for larva-containing cyst examinations in the body cavity...
March 1, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442543/molecular-investigation-of-anaplasma-phagocytophilum-and-related-strains-among-sheep-flocks-from-different-parts-of-t%C3%A3-rkiye-with-a-note-of-phylogenetic-analyses-of-anaplasma-phagocytophilum-like-1
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ufuk Erol, Omer Faruk Sahin, Osman Furkan Urhan, Ahmet Duran Atas, Kursat Altay
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a vector-borne zoonotic pathogen and can infect various vertebrate hosts, especially cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and dogs. Molecular-based studies have revealed that the agent has a high genetic diversity and closely related strains circulate in hosts. In this study, 618 sheep blood samples obtained from different geographic regions of Türkiye were researched for A.phagocytophilum and related strains with PCR, RFLP, and DNA sequence analyses. The DNA of these pathogens was detected in 110 (17...
March 1, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430666/clinical-importance-of-neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio-platelet-to-lymphocyte-ratio-and-systemic-immune-inflammation-index-in-dogs-with-leishmaniasis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Durán-Galea, J I Cristóbal-Verdejo, R Barrera-Chacón, B Macías-García, M A González-Solís, P Nicolás-Barceló, A B García-Ibáñez, P Ruíz-Tapia, F J Duque-Carrasco
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leishmania spp., impacts multiple systems and organs. While hematological and biochemical profiles aren't definitive for diagnosis, recent studies have identified the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) as predictors of morbidity and mortality in critically ill human and dog patients. This study examined 100 dogs diagnosed with leishmaniasis, categorized by the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages 1-4...
February 23, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442544/antimicrobial-resistance-and-public-and-animal-health-risks-associated-with-pathogenic-escherichia-coli-isolated-from-calves
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dircéia Aparecida da Costa Custódio, Carine Rodrigues Pereira, Maysa Serpa Gonçalves, Anna Cecília Trolesi Reis Borges Costa, Pedro Felipe Rodrigues de Oliveira, Bruna Henrique Pinto da Silva, Giovanna Botelho Carneiro, Fernanda Morcatti Coura, Andrey Pereira Lage, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Geraldo M Árcio da Costa, Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles
We aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from fecal samples of calves and buffalo calves (2008-2013), in Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as the frequency of O157 gene and strains carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes. E. coli strains (n=518) were tested for susceptibility against ten antimicrobials. Tetracycline was the antimicrobial with the highest resistance rate (382/518), followed by ampicillin (321/518), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (312/518), chloramphenicol (192/518), gentamicin (126/518), ciprofloxacin (148/518), cefazolin (89/518), colistin (54/518) and cefoxitin (34/518)...
February 19, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401221/genetic-diversity-of-bartonella-rpob-haplotypes-in-domestic-cats-from-chile
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulina Sepúlveda-García, Ronald Jara, Armin Mella, Gustavo Monti, Nivia Canales, Maria Eduarda Chiaradia Furquim, Marcos Rogério André, Ananda Müller
The study aimed to determine the inter and intra-host Bartonella spp. genetic diversity in cats from Chile. 'Seventy-nine cats' blood DNA samples qPCR Bartonella spp. positive were subjected to T-A cloning of Bartonella spp. rpoB partial gene (825 bp), and sequencing by Sanger method. The sequences were submitted to phylogenetic and polymorphism analysis. Thirty-six (45.6%) samples were successfully cloned, generating 118 clones of which 109 showed 99.6%-100% identity with Bartonella henselae whereas 9 showed 99...
February 17, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387227/high-diversity-novel-genotypes-and-vertical-transmission-of-hemotropic-mycoplasma-in-micromammals
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Javier Millán, Bárbara Martín-Maldonado, Ruth Rodríguez-Pastor, Jesús Martínez-Padilla, Fernando Esperón
Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) are emerging zoonotic pathogens. Micromammals have received little attention as hosts for hemoplasmas despite their ubiquitous presence, high population abundances, and close association with humans. A PCR protocol targeting a fragment of the 16 S rRNA gene and direct sequencing in blood samples of 189 adult specimens and 35 fetuses belonging to three species of Eulipotyphla (shrews) and seven species of Rodentia, captured in three ecologically diverse habitats in North-Eastern Spain (Steppe, High Mountain, Mediterranean) yielded and occurrence of 26%, including 36% of 39 shrews and 23% of 150 rodents...
February 17, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38350247/prevalence-and-potential-risk-factors-for-cryptosporidium-spp-infection-in-horses-from-egypt
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed H Alruhaili, Mohamed Marzok, Hattan S Gattan, Mohamed Salem, Mahmoud Kandeel, Abdelfattah Selim
Cryptosporidium is an intestinal protozoan that cause diarrhea in livestock all over the world and have zoonotic importance. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in horses in Egypt and evaluate the associated risk factors. A total of 420 fecal samples were collected from three governorates (Giza, Kafr ElSheikh and Qalyubia) and examined microscopically using Ziehl-Neelsen staining method. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was 29% and Kafr ElSheikh governorate had the highest rate in comparison to other areas...
February 9, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367297/investigation-of-anti-leptospira-spp-antibodies-and-leptospiruria-in-cats-attended-to-a-veterinary-teaching-hospital-in-southern-brazil
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mirela Grünwalder Paim, Bárbara Basseggio Rivas, Grasiele Amorim Sebastião, Kauana Kaefer, Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues, Fabiana Quoos Mayer, Luciana Neves Nunes, Fernanda Vieira Amorim da Costa
Leptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis that affects both humans and animals worldwide. Currently, it is known that cats may be susceptible to infection. This study aims to investigate the presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies and leptospiruria in cats, using Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, respectively. A total of 76 cats, undergoing comprehensive anamnesis, general physical examination, and complementary exams were included in the investigation...
February 3, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325128/beta-lactamase-genes-in-bacteria-from-food-animals-retail-meat-and-human-surveillance-programs-in-the-united-states-from-2002-to-2021
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md Kaisar Rahman, Howard Rodriguez-Mori, Guy H Loneragan, Babafela Awosile
The spread of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria is a global public-health concern. This study aimed to explore the distribution of beta-lactamases reported in three sampling sources (cecal, retail meat, and human) collected as part of integrated surveillance in the United States. We retrieved and analyzed data from the United States National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Systems (NARMS) from 2002 to 2021. A total of 115 beta-lactamase genes were detected in E. coli, Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter, Shigella and Vibrio: including 35 genes from cecal isolates, 32 genes from the retail meat isolates, and 104 genes from the human isolates...
February 2, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38335834/molecular-prevalence-of-vector-borne-bacterial-pathogens-in-the-blood-samples-of-wild-rodent-species-trapped-from-saudi-arabia
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdul Ghafar, Samia Q Alghamdi, Abdullah D Alanazi, Syed Muhammad Zukhruf Qousain, Maryam Ijaz, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Ali, Hira Muqaddas, Adil Khan, Furhan Iqbal
Order Rodentia is the most speciose among mammals and the members of this order are known to host more than 60 zoonotic diseases and rodents are a potential health threat to humans. This study was designed to report the molecular prevalence and phylogenetic evaluation of various blood borne bacterial pathogens (Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma marginale and Bartonella spp.) in the blood samples of four wild rodent species [Meriones rex (N = 27), Acomys dimidiatus (N = 18), Myomys yemeni (N = 6) and Rattus rattus (N = 3)] that were trapped during August till October 2020 from Al Makhwah governorate in Saudi Arabia...
January 26, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38325127/molecular-detection-and-mst-genotyping-of-coxiella-burnetii-in-ruminants-and-stray-dogs-and-cats-in-northern-algeria
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H Ghaoui, I Bitam, S Zaidi, N Achour, S Zenia, T Idres, P E Fournier
Aiming at identifying the reservoir and contamination sources of Coxiella burnetii in Northern Algeria, we investigated the molecular presence of the bacterium in 599 samples (blood, placenta, liver, spleen, and uterus) collected from cattle, sheep, dogs and cats. Our qPCR results showed that 15/344 (4.36%) blood samples and six/255 (2.35%) organ specimens were positive for C. burnetii. In cattle, three (4%) blood and liver samples were positive. In sheep, one blood (1.19%) and 3 (8.57%) placenta samples were positive...
January 24, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38277904/molecular-survey-of-hemoplasmas-and-coxiella-burnetii-in-vampire-bats-from-northern-brazil
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victória Valente Califre de Mello, Laryssa Borges de Oliveira, Taciana Fernandes Souza Barbosa Coelho, Daniel Antonio Braga Lee, Eliz Oliveira Franco, Rosangela Zacarias Machado, Marcos Rogério André
In addition to zoonotic viral pathogens, bats can also harbor bacterial pathogens, including hemoplasmas (hemotropic mycoplasmas) and Coxiella burnetii. The present study aimed to investigate, using molecular techniques, the presence of hemoplasmas and C. burnetii in spleen samples from vampire bats in northern Brazil. For this purpose, between 2017 and 2019, spleen samples were collected from Desmodus rotundus (n = 228) and Diaemus youngii (n = 1) captured in the states of Pará (n = 207), Amazonas (n = 1), Roraima (n = 18) and Amapá (n = 3)...
January 17, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38309206/incidences-of-helicobacter-infection-in-pigs-and-tracing-occupational-hazard-in-pig-farmers
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seema Rani Pegu, Joyshikh Sonowal, Swaraj Rajkhowa, Pranab Jyoti Das, Gyanendra Singh Sengar, Rajib Deb, Manjisa Choudhury, Naba Jyoti Deka, Souvik Paul, Juwar Doley, Dilip Kumar Sarma, Samir Das, N H Mohan, Rajendran Thomas, Vivek Kumar Gupta
Helicobacter species (spp.) is a gram-negative spiral-shaped motile bacterium that causes gastritis in pigs and also colonizes in the human stomach. The present study assessed the prevalence of Helicobacter spp. in pig gastric mucosa and the stool of pig farmers in Assam, India. A total of 403 stomach samples from pig slaughter points, 74 necropsy samples of pigs from pig farms, and 97 stool samples from pig farmers were collected. Among the pig stomach samples, 43 (20.09%) of those with gastritis showed the presence of Gram-negative, spiral-shaped organisms, while only 3...
January 15, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38262257/comparative-molecular-epidemiology-subtype-distribution-and-zoonotic-potential-of-blastocystis-sp-in-equus-animals-horses-donkeys-and-mules-in-northwestern-iran
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Asghari, Amirhosein Yousefi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Roya Badali, Laya Shamsi, Ahmet Efe Köseoğlu, Amir Abbaszadeh, Morteza Shams, Behnam Mohammadi-Ghalehbin
A total of 500 fecal samples were collected from Equus animals in six different cities (Ardabil, Namin, Nir, Meshginshahr, Germi, and Khalkhal) of Ardabil Province, northwestern Iran, with 200 samples from horses, 200 from donkeys, and 100 from mules. Of the horse samples, 100 were from racing horses under special monitoring and care, while the remaining 100 were from non-racing horses, including those used for herding or in rural areas. All fecal samples were examined for the presence of Blastocystis sp. using PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA gene's barcode region after DNA extraction...
January 6, 2024: Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
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