Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess parental perceptions of morbidity and certain functional abilities in people with Down syndrome (DS) and their variability according to age and sex in Morocco. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective and analytical survey was conducted between May 2014 and November 2017, and addressed to the parents of 279 individuals with DS, including 161 boys (57.7%) aged 1-40 years. The sample was subdivised to tree age groups, children under 10 years old, adolescents aged 10-18 years and adults aged ≥ 18 years...

BACKGROUND: The global impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been enormous. The primary school's role and responsibilities include providing students with education and training, cooperating and supporting educational management, and monitoring, following up, and evaluating the school's operations. OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study were to evaluate the conditions of preparation for the COVID-19 epidemic's prevention and response, as well as to investigate the relationship between predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors in preventing the spread of COVID-19 among primary school students in the educational area...

BACKGROUND: Due to the spread of COVID-19 infections around the world, in early 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced a global pandemic, i.e. an epidemic of particularly large dimensions affecting countries and entire continents. Long-term stay at home and self-isolation may have significantly impacted lifestyle, diet, food choices and access to food, as well as physical activity in the entire population, including students. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the impact of social isolation caused by the coronavirus pandemic on changes in diet, lifestyle and body mass index in a group of students, so that we would be better prepared for future new viral infections with characteristics similar to Covid-19...

BACKGROUND: Despite the extensive literature focused on propolis extract, few data exists on the bioactive compounds and biological activities in the Moroccan propolis and its economic value is low. OBJECTIVE: In this research, the aim was to evaluate the total content of phenols and flavonoids as well as the antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of Moroccan propolis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The polyphenol and flavonoid content of the Moroccan propolis from three geographic regions, was quantified in the ethanolic extract by colorimetric methods using folin-ciocalteu and aluminum chloride...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, a wider range of bakery products with a lower glycaemic response can be observed in the food industry. This contributes to the provision of a wider range of cereal bakery products. The gradual increase in the consumption of brown bread is significant, but despite this, white bread remains a part of the typical Western diet. Studies showed high intake of carbohydrates increase TG levels by enhancing hepatic synthesis of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and decrease activity of lipoprotein lipase...

BACKGROUND: People live in a technological world, where social media is used very commonly. Social media has effects on eating behaviors, as in other aspects. For this reason, it is important to measure social media effect. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to adapt the Scale of Effects of Social Media on Eating Behaviour (SESMEB) that examines the effect of social media on eating behavior in Hungarian university students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The SESMEB was translated into the target language by taking various stages...

BACKGROUND: There is growing strong scientific evidence over the past few decades that the Mediterranean diet (MD) has protective effects on cardiometabolic health. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess MD adherence and its association with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors among women living in two Moroccan provinces, El Jadida and Tetouan, located at different distances from the Mediterranean Sea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study involved 355 subjects of which 55...

BACKGROUND: Functional food is a key element in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. The ingredients it contains, such as phytosterols that lower cholesterol, also have a preventive effect on type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis and heart attack. Phenolic compounds have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. Xylo-oligosaccharides control insulin levels, and fibre lowers blood pressure, potentially reducing insulin resistance. These beneficial properties mean that there is an increasing interest in this kind of food...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine Vitamin C content in some fruits and vegetables (FAV) including apple, banana, orange, pineapple, watermelon, carrot and cucumber, sold in the local markets in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria as well as Vitamin C content in two-component and three-component homogenates FAV. The work was also designed to investigate the dietary exposure and health effects of excess vitamin C intake in adults and children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Vitamin C as total ascorbic acid (AA) after reduction of dehydroascorbic acid was analyzed using both titrimetric and spectrophotometric methods...

BACKGROUND: The rising prevalence of gluten-related disorders such as celiac disease explains the increased consumption of gluten-free foods (GFF). However, these foods must be safe in terms of both gluten content and contamination by pathogenic microorganisms in order to avoid food poisoning. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of gluten-free meals, naturally gluten free foods, and gluten free-labelled products. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We collected 62 GFF samples including 20 meals (M-GF), 22 naturally gluten free (N-GFF) and 20 labelled (L-GFF) products, which were investigated for microbiological contamination according to Moroccan regulations guidelines, issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)...

BACKGROUND: Excessive consumption of added sugar is an essential contributing factor to weight gain in adolescence, leading to non-communicable diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the added sugar consumption in foods and beverages and determine the association between free sugar consumption and BMI status. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 adolescents in university (18-22 years) recruited from undergraduate students at different schools...

Professor Stanisław Berger - Polish scientist, creator of human nutrition science, international authority, excellent lecturer, and consistent organizer of the nutritional scientific community - celebrates his 100th birthday. He was born on September 13, 1923. The history of Professor Stanisław Berger's long life is presented in this jubilee article.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus was accompanied by the emergence of various adverse conditions, as well as the deterioration of health from the point of view of chronic diseases, as well as lifestyle changes related to the preference of certain foods and changes in body weight due to the restriction of free movement. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our survey was to assess the impact of the pandemic and lockdown on selected key lifestyle elements affecting the overall health status of the Slovak population and subsequently to evaluate subjectively assessed changes in the respondents' eating habits, daily routine, physical activity and body weight...

BACKGROUND: Milk is a nutritious food for humans, but it is also an ideal growth medium for pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes or Campylobacter spp, which can cause food poisoning. OBJECTIVE: For this reason, we evaluated the microbiological, physicochemical and hygienic quality of raw milk samples in 9 milk collection centres and cooperatives in the Beni-Mellal-Khenifr region before and after the implementation of the quality management system, hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP)...

BACKGROUND: Students are a group particularly high risk of adverse effects from such restrictions introduced within counter transmission the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Fear felt of contracting the disease and social isolation can lead to consuming excessive amounts of energy with food, resulting in weight gain and eating disorders. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was analysed selected lifestyle aspects of Polish and Turkish students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine the existence of differences between the lifestyles of these individuals during the two periods...

BACKGROUND: The bacterial infections treatment is complicated by antibiotic resistance. In this fact, the need for new therapeutic approaches to control bacterial infections is crucial. Therefore, discovering new antibiotics from medicinal plants, able to kill drug-resistant bacteria, is essential to saving modern medicine. OBJECTIVE: This study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of Salvia officinalis essential oil (SoEO) growing in Morocco. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The essential oil was extracted by hydro distillation, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by agar dilution method...

BACKGROUND: Pharmacological correction of a high-fat diet is of great interest to prevent the development of obesity and hypertension. More and more research is being done on the preventive use of medicinal herbs for excess caloric intake. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the general physiological effect of I. helenium rhizomes and M. chamomilla inflorescences used in the diet of male rats consuming excess amounts of fat and calories in the daily diet...

BACKGROUND: Ionizing radiation (IR) carry adequate energy to ionize or remove electrons from an atom. Particles interact with water to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Genistein (GEN) is a naturally occurring phytoestrogen and the basic isoflavonoid in soybeans and soybean-enriched products and is believed to have the strongest antioxidant activity. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed at the investigation if application of GEN at different time prior or past irradiation may ameliorate or reduce injury of DNA in human lymphocytes...

BACKGROUND: Globally, alcohol consumption is the major cause of mortality and disease. Future health and life quality may also be affected by early initiation of alcohol consumption. It is a cross-sectional design for a research survey. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate alcohol drinking behavior, the effects of alcohol consumption, and factors linked to alcohol drinking behavior among 410 secondary school students in grades 1-3 in the province of Nakhon Si Thammarat in southern Thailand...

BACKGROUND: Prevalence and practices of tobacco usage in India are diverse and incongruent and Government of India has enacted various laws to overcome this burden. To make tobacco control measures effective and powerful, WHO introduced MPOWER in 2004 and India was one of the first countries that implemented the MPOWER. OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed to quantify the implementation of MPOWER tobacco control policies in India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, data was gathered from the WHO MPOWER of India from 2015 to 2021...