journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38295984/bacterial-lipopolysaccharide-forms-aggregates-with-apolipoproteins-in-male-and-female-rat-brains-after-ethanol-binges
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L López-Valencia, M Moya, B Escudero, B García-Bueno, L Orio
Alcohol binge drinking allows the translocation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the gut to the blood, which activates the peripheral immune system with consequences in neuroinflammation. A possible access/direct signaling of LPS to/in the brain has not yet been described under alcohol abuse conditions. Apolipoproteins are compounds altered by alcohol with high affinity to LPS which may be involved in its transport to the brain or in its elimination. Here, we explored the expression of small components of LPS, in its free form or bound to apolipoproteins, in the brain of female and male rats exposed to alcohol binges...
January 29, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38286180/decoding-the-complexities-of-lipid-homeostasis-through-a-unified-mouse-genetic-resource
#22
EDITORIAL
Carlos Viesi, Marcus Seldin
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 27, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280459/nuclear-sphk2-s1p-signaling-is-a-key-regulator-of-apoe-production-and-a%C3%AE-uptake-in-astrocytes
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masato Komai, Yuka Noda, Atsuya Ikeda, Nanaka Kaneshiro, Yuji Kamikubo, Takashi Sakurai, Takashi Uehara, Nobumasa Takasugi
The link between changes in astrocyte function and the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has attracted considerable attention. Interestingly, activated astrocytes in AD show abnormalities in their lipid content and metabolism. In particular, the expression of ApoE, a lipid transporter, is decreased. Because ApoE has anti-inflammatory and amyloid β (Aβ)-metabolizing effects, the nuclear receptors, retinoid X receptor (RXR) and LXR, which are involved in ApoE expression, are considered promising therapeutic targets for AD...
January 25, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38280458/glucosylceramide-flippases-contribute-to-cellular-glucosylceramide-homeostasis
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natsuki Kita, Asuka Hamamoto, Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda, Hiroyuki Takatsu, Kazuhisa Nakayama, Makoto Arita, Shu-Ping Hui, Hye-Won Shin
Lipid transport is an essential cellular process with importance to human health, disease development, and therapeutic strategies. Type IV P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) have been identified as membrane lipid flippases by utilizing nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD)-labeled lipids as substrates. Among the 14 human P4-ATPases, ATP10D was shown to flip NBD-glucosylceramide (GlcCer) across the plasma membrane. Here, we found that conversion of incorporated GlcCer (d18:1/12:0) to other sphingolipids is accelerated in cells exogenously expressing ATP10D but not its ATPase-deficient mutant...
January 25, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272356/the-role-of-n-terminus-phosphorylation-of-dgk-%C3%AE
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Millie X Barbernitz, Lauren R Devine, Robert N Cole, Daniel M Raben
Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are lipid kinases that mediate the phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) leading to the production of phosphatidic acid (PtdOH). To examine the role of phosphorylation on DGK-θ, we first identified the phosphorylated sites on endogenous DGK-θ from mouse brains and found four sites: S15, S17, which we refer to phosphomotif-1 sites, and S22 and S26 which we refer to as phosphomotif-2 sites. This study focused on the role of these phosphorylated sites on enzyme activity, membrane binding, thermal stability, and cellular half-life of DGK-θ...
January 23, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38272355/finasteride-delays-atherosclerosis-progression-in-mice-and-is-associated-with-a-reduction-in-plasma-cholesterol-in-men
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick McQueen, Donald Molina, Ivan Pinos, Samuel Krug, Anna J Taylor, Michael R LaFrano, Maureen A Kane, Jaume Amengual
Finasteride is commonly prescribed to treat benign prostate hyperplasia and male-pattern baldness in cis men and, more recently, trans individuals. However, the effect of finasteride on cardiovascular disease remains elusive. We evaluated the role of finasteride on atherosclerosis using low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/- ) mice. Next, we examined the relevance to humans by analyzing the data deposited between 2009 and 2016 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We show that finasteride reduces total plasma cholesterol and delays the development of atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- mice...
January 23, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246237/spatial-lipidomics-of-coronary-atherosclerotic-plaque-development-in-a-familial-hypercholesterolemia-swine-model
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nuria Slijkhuis, Francesca Razzi, Suze-Anne Korteland, Bram Heijs, Kim van Gaalen, Dirk J Duncker, Antonius F W van der Steen, Volkert van Steijn, Heleen M M van Beusekom, Gijs van Soest
Coronary atherosclerosis is caused by plaque build-up, with lipids playing a pivotal role in its progression. However, lipid composition and distribution within coronary atherosclerosis remain unknown. This study aims to characterize lipids and investigate differences in lipid composition across disease stages to aid in the understanding of disease progression. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was used to visualize lipid distributions in coronary artery sections (n=17) from hypercholesterolemic swine...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246236/does-small-hdl-s-function-improve-when-lipid-lowering-alters-its-composition
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jay W Heinecke, Tomas Vaisar, Karin E Bornfeldt
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 19, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246235/changes-in-soluble-ldl-receptor-and-lipoprotein-fractions-in-response-to-diet-in-the-dietfits-weight-loss-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ronald M Krauss, Lois M Fisher, Sarah M King, Christopher D Gardner
Circulating levels of the soluble ligand binding ectodomain of the LDL receptor (sLDLR) that is proteolytically cleaved from the cell surface have been shown to correlate with plasma triglycerides, but the lipid and lipoprotein effects of longitudinal changes in sLDLR have not been examined. We sought to assess associations between changes in sLDLR and detailed lipoprotein measurements between baseline and six months in participants in the DIETFITS weight loss trial who were randomly assigned to the low-fat (n=225) or low-carbohydrate (n=236) diet arms...
January 19, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219820/angptl3-deficiency-impairs-lipoprotein-production-and-produces-adaptive-changes-in-hepatic-lipid-metabolism
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kendall H Burks, Yan Xie, Michael Gildea, In-Hyuk Jung, Sandip Mukherjee, Paul Lee, Upasana Pudupakkam, Ryan Wagoner, Ved Patel, Katherine Santana, Arturo Alisio, Ira J Goldberg, Brian N Finck, Edward A Fisher, Nicholas O Davidson, Nathan O Stitziel
Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) is a hepatically secreted protein and therapeutic target for reducing plasma triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Although ANGPTL3 modulates the metabolism of circulating lipoproteins, its role in TRL assembly and secretion remains unknown. CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) was used to target ANGPTL3 in HepG2 cells (ANGPTL3-/- ) whereupon we observed ∼50% reduction of ApoB100 secretion, accompanied by an increase in ApoB100 early presecretory degradation by a predominantly lysosomal mechanism...
January 12, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38218337/the-oxidized-phospholipid-pgpc-impairs-endothelial-function-by-promoting-endothelial-cell-ferroptosis-via-fabp3
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Si Chen, Jian-Jun Gao, Yu-Jia Liu, Zhi-Wei Mo, Fang-Yuan Wu, Zuo-Jun Hu, Yue-Ming Peng, Xiao-Qin Zhang, Zhen-Sheng Ma, Ze-Long Liu, Jian-Yun Yan, Zhi-Jun Ou, Yan Li, Jing-Song Ou
Ferroptosis is a novel cell death mechanism that is mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. It may be involved in atherosclerosis development. Products of phospholipid oxidation play a key role in atherosclerosis. 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PGPC) is a phospholipid oxidation product present in atherosclerotic lesions. It remains unclear whether PGPC causes atherosclerosis by inducing endothelial cell ferroptosis. In this study, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with PGPC...
January 11, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38216056/vxx-401-a-novel-anti-pcsk9-vaccine-reduces-ldl-c-in-cynomolgus-monkeys
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Madeline M Vroom, Hanxin Lu, Maggie Lewis, Brett A Thibodeaux, Jeanne K Brooks, Matthew S Longo, Martina M Ramos, Jaya Sahni, Jonathan Wiggins, Justin D Boyd, Shuang Ding, Michael Hellerstein, Valorie Ryan, Peter Powchik, Jean-Cosme Dodart
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of disease burden in the world and is highly correlated with chronic elevations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). LDL-C lowering drugs such as statins or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, however statins are associated with limited efficacy and poor adherence to treatment, whereas PCSK9 inhibitors are only prescribed to a "high risk" patient population or those who have failed other therapies...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38216055/apoe-genotype-dictates-lipidomic-signatures-in-primary-human-hepatocytes
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francisco C Almeida, Kalicharan Patra, Andreas Giannisis, Anezka Niesnerova, Renu Nandakumar, Ewa Ellis, Tiago Gil Oliveira, Henrietta M Nielsen
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genetic variants are most notably known for their divergent impact on the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. While APOE genotype has been consistently shown to modulate lipid metabolism in a variety of cellular contexts, the effect of APOE alleles on the lipidome in hepatocytes is unknown. In this study, we investigated the contribution of APOE alleles to lipidomic profiles of donor-derived primary human hepatocytes from 77 subjects. Lipidomic data obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were analyzed across ε2/ε3, ε3/ε3 and ε3/ε4 genotypes to reveal how APOE modulates lipid relative levels over age and between groups...
January 10, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38185217/alveolar-macrophage-lipid-burden-correlates-with-clinical-improvement-in-patients-with-pulmonary-alveolar-proteinosis
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elinor Lee, Kevin J Williams, Cormac McCarthy, James P Bridges, Elizabeth F Redente, Thomas Q de Aguiar Vallim, Robert A Barrington, Tisha Wang, Elizabeth J Tarling
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a life-threatening, rare lung syndrome for which there is no cure and no approved therapies. PAP is a disease of lipid accumulation characterized by alveolar macrophage foam cell formation. While much is known about the clinical presentation, there is a paucity of information regarding temporal changes in lipids throughout the course of disease. Our objectives were to define the detailed lipid composition of alveolar macrophages in PAP patients at the time of diagnosis and during treatment...
January 5, 2024: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38160757/effects-of-exercise-training-on-angptl3-8-and-angptl4-8-and-their-associations-with-cardiometabolic-traits
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William G Hoffmann, Yan Q Chen, Charles S Schwartz, Jacob L Barber, Prasun K Dev, Riley J Reasons, Juan S Miranda Maravi, Bridget Armstrong, Robert E Gerszten, Günther Silbernagel, Robert J Konrad, Claude Bouchard, Mark A Sarzynski
Angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) complexes 3/8 and 4/8 are established inhibitors of LPL and novel therapeutic targets for dyslipidemia. However, the effects of regular exercise on ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 are unknown. We characterized ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 and their relationship with in vivo measurements of lipase activities and cardiometabolic traits before and after a 5 month endurance exercise training intervention in 642 adults from the HERITAGE Family Study. At baseline, higher levels of both ANGPTL3/8 and ANGPTL4/8 were associated with a worse lipid, lipoprotein, and cardiometabolic profile, with only ANGPTL3/8 associated with post-heparin LPL and HL activities...
December 29, 2023: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38160756/statin-treatment-remodels-the-hdl-subclass-lipidome-and-proteome-in-hypertriglyceridemia
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M John Chapman, Alexina Orsoni, Natalie A Mellett, Anh Nguyen, Paul Robillard, Jonathan E Shaw, Philippe Giral, Patrice Thérond, Debi Swertfeger, W Sean Davidson, Peter J Meikle
HDL particles vary in lipidome and proteome, which dictate their individual physicochemical properties, metabolism, and biological activities. HDL dysmetabolism in non-diabetic hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) involves subnormal HDL-cholesterol and apoAI levels. Metabolic anomalies may impact the qualitative features of both the HDL lipidome and proteome. Whether particle content of bioactive lipids and proteins may differentiate HDL subclasses (HDL2b, 2a, 3a, 3b and 3c) in HTG is unknown. Moreover, little is known of the effect of statin treatment on the proteolipidome of hypertriglyceridemic HDL and its subclasses...
December 29, 2023: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38145747/a-historical-evidence-based-and-narrative-review-on-commonly-used-dietary-supplements-in-lipid-lowering
#37
REVIEW
Jelani K Grant, Michael Dangl, Chiadi E Ndumele, Erin D Michos, Seth S Martin
Dietary supplements augment the nutritional value of everyday food intake and originate from the historical practices of ancient Egyptian (Ebers papyrus), Chinese (Pen Ts'ao by Shen Nung), Indian (Ayurveda), Greek (Hippocrates), and Arabic herbalists. In modern-day medicine, the use of dietary supplements continues to increase in popularity with greater than 50% of the US population reporting taking supplements. To further compound this trend, many patients believe that dietary supplements are equally or more effective than evidence-based therapies for lipoprotein and lipid lowering...
December 23, 2023: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38135255/wide-scope-targeted-analysis-of-bioactive-lipids-in-human-plasma-by-lc-ms-ms
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kohta Nakatani, Yoshihiro Izumi, Hironobu Umakoshi, Maki Yokomoto-Umakoshi, Tomoko Nakaji, Hiroki Kaneko, Hiroshi Nakao, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Kazutaka Ikeda, Takeshi Bamba
Quantitative information on blood metabolites can be used in developing advanced medical strategies such as early detection and prevention of disease. Monitoring bioactive lipids such as steroids, bile acids, and PUFA metabolites could be a valuable indicator of health status. However, a method for simultaneously measuring these bioactive lipids has not yet been developed. Here, we report a LC/MS/MS method that can simultaneously measure 144 bioactive lipids, including steroids, bile acids, and PUFA metabolites, from human plasma, and a sample preparation method for these targets...
December 20, 2023: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38135254/unmasking-crucial-residues-in-adipose-triglyceride-lipase-atgl-for-co-activation-with-comparative-gene-identification-58-cgi-58
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalia Kulminskaya, Carlos Francisco Rodriguez Gamez, Peter Hofer, Ines Kathrin Cerk, Noopur Dubey, Roland Viertlmayr, Theo Sagmeister, Tea Pavkov-Keller, Rudolf Zechner, Monika Oberer
Lipolysis is an essential metabolic process that releases unesterified fatty acids from neutral lipid stores to maintain energy homeostasis in living organisms. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) plays a key role in intracellular lipolysis and can be co-activated upon interaction with the protein comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58). The underlying molecular mechanism of ATGL stimulation by CGI-58 is incompletely understood. Based on analysis of evolutionary conservation, we used site directed mutagenesis to study a C-terminally truncated variant and full-length mouse ATGL providing insights in the protein co-activation on a per-residue level...
December 20, 2023: Journal of Lipid Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38122934/unravelling-the-genetic-background-of-individuals-with-a-clinical-familial-hypercholesterolemia-phenotype
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Margarida Medeiros, Ana Catarina Alves, Beatriz Miranda, Joana Rita Chora, Mafalda Bourbon
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common genetic disorder of lipid metabolism caused by pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in LDLR, APOB and PCSK9 genes. Variants in FH-phenocopy genes (LDLRAP1, APOE, LIPA, ABCG5, ABCG8), polygenic hypercholesterolemia and hyper-Lp(a) can also mimic a clinical FH phenotype. We aim to present a new diagnostic tool to unravel the genetic background of clinical FH phenotype. Biochemical and genetic study was performed in 1005 individuals with clinical diagnosis of FH, referred to the Portuguese FH Study...
December 18, 2023: Journal of Lipid Research
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