Indian Journal of Medical Sciences

A 20-year-old primigravida with 3 months amenorrhea presented with complaints of acute abdominal pain. Her vital systemic parameters were stable. On vaginal examination, the patient was provisionally diagnosed of right cornual ectopic pregnancy, which was confirmed sonographically, and taken up for surgery. There was moderate hemoperitoneum and rupture of right horn of uterus with products protruding. The rudimentary horn was excised. The patient was discharged and advised contraception and follow-up.

OBJECTIVES: The present study was planned to assess the effects of gonadal steroids (estrogen and progesterone) on bronchial responsiveness, before and after handgrip exercise, during different phases of menstrual cycle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 30 healthy (25-40 years), non-athletic, adult female volunteers were studied. The various pulmonary function parameters (FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF 25-75%) were recorded with a spirometer under resting conditions and then within five minutes of cessation of isometric exercise...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are increasing evidences about the relationship between vitamin D status and the control of diabetes. Several studies showed that vitamin D has an antioxidant property. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D) and glycemic, antioxidant profile in diabetes compared to healthy groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 100 healthy controls...

BACKGROUND: Two digital mammography systems, based on different physical concepts, have been introduced in the last few years namely the full-field digital mammography (FFDM) system and computed radiography-based mammography using digital storage phosphor plate (DSPM). AIMS: The objective of this study was to compare the image quality for DSPM and FFDM using a grading scale based on previously published articles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This comparative diagnostic study was done for 5-month duration at the Breast Clinic...

AIM: Clinical assessment of the autonomic nervous system in Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its correlation with glycemic control. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study of 50 adult diabetes patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with DM who were on regular treatment with either insulin and/or oral hypoglycemic agents were studied. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) score was calculated using the clinical test variables. RESULTS: Of the 50 patients 30 had no CAN, 10 had early CAN and 10 had severe CAN...

AIMS: To assess the level of patient satisfaction with the various aspects of interaction of the health provider with the patient such as communication, examination and information regarding prescription in the allopathic public health facilities of Lucknow district. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Public health facilities of Lucknow district, India. INTRODUCTION: Satisfaction in service provision is increasingly being used as a measure of health system performance...

Symmetric peripheral gangrene is associated with a variety of infective and non-infective etiologies. SPG is always presented with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and carries a higher mortality. Herein, we describe a 42-year-old female with dengue fever and rash developed bilateral symmetric dry gangrene of 2 nd and 3 rd toes. There was no history of taking B-blockers, ergot etc. All the peripheral pulses of the affected limbs were palpable. Color Doppler of lower limb vessels was done, which indicated normal flow...

Eisenmenger syndrome consists of a congenital communication between the systemic and pulmonary circulation, with resultant pulmonary arterial hypertension and reversal of flow through the defect. Pregnancy in the setting of pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger physiology is associated with a substantial maternal and fetal risk. It is usually associated with high mortality rates (30-50%). Pregnancy in such patients is contraindicated. Patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome in pregnancy often deliver prematurely...

Non communicable diseases in most of the developing countries have surpassed the morbidity and mortality arising from communicable diseases. However there are people who continue to suffer from the residual disabilities of some communicable disease acquired at younger age like polio and develop non communicable diseases like COPD and coronary syndrome at older age primarily because of their tobacco habits. Both of these combination of communicable and non communicable diseases are preventable if timely preventive measures and healthy life style is adopted...

Nonhealing painless lesions of long duration that did not respond to conventional therapy are the diagnostic challenge to clinician. Two such atypical cases of nonhealing oral lesions manifesting as gingival swelling and odontogenic cyst diagnosed histopathologically as primary oral tuberculosis are presented here. The purpose of this presentation is to point out that, in the absence of any apparent systemic infection the oral tuberculous lesions in the mouth may be discovered before the diagnosis of systemic tuberculosis and the histopathological finding of a persistent nonhealing oral lesion is an important aid in arriving at a diagnosis of this underlying condition...

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to know the rate of prevalence of community acquired UTI infections in both males and females, Assam, North-East India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 50 μl of urine sample from each of the subjects was streaked on cystine lactose electrolyte-deficient agar medium. The plates were incubated overnight at 37°C. Pure, isolated colonies of each type was separately cultured and characterized. The susceptibility of the clinical isolates to routinely prescribed antibiotics in the hospital was performed against various antibiotics...

INTRODUCTION: Various socio demographic factors play role in sterilization operation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A record-based study was conducted in Jetalpur, rural area of Ahmedabad District. Records of all sterilization operation done between April 2010 to March 2011 were studied. RESULTS: A total of 180 sterilization operations were performed, of which 179 (99.4%) were female sterilization and one (0.6%) was vasectomy. The mean age of females was 28...

BACKGROUND: Urbanization, rapid industrialization, increased vehicular traffic, and consequent increase in the use of petroleum fuels in India are constantly emitting lead along with other pollutants into the environment. Apart from atmospheric lead, this element is the most widely used in everyday life. Although infants and children are the most susceptible to the effects of lead, adults are also affected to varying degrees and it had ranked as one of the most serious environmental threats to human health...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mothers and children are biologically related and dependent. They should be considered as a single unit which is very important regarding adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Very high levels of adherence are required for effective ART. We therefore carried out this study to examine the adherence levels and different factors associated with adherence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive mothers and their HIV-positive children receiving ART...

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Psoriasis and leprosy are almost mutually exclusive, with the prevalence of psoriasis in leprosy patients being as low as 0.014%. We present a case of a patient of psoriasis who was treated and developed Leprosy. We also did a review on the hypothesis which states that psoriasis protects from clinical progression of leprosy, and that leprosy was contained because of increase in prevalence of psoriasis. This inverse phenomenon is supported from our review but needs genetic and paleoepidemiological confirmation...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes type 2, as one of the most important chronic diseases in the world, reduces quality of life in patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our research--as a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study--was performed on 120 type 2 diabetics in Tehran 503 hospital in 2008. Diverse domain scores of patients' quality of life were evaluated by SF-36 standard questionnaire. Gained data analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software through statistical tests including Pearson's correlation coefficient, Chi-square test, Independent T-test, Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test, ANOVA, and Fisher exact test...

BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome, a clustering of several commonly occurring disorders that include abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein level, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, has been specifically investigated as a risk factor for cognitive decline in elderly individuals. The metabolic syndrome may be a risk factor for cognitive decline because it summarizes the joint effects of these risk factors. It is known that difference between simple and choice reaction time (RT) implies time required for cognition...

BACKGROUND: The obesity and hypertension have become the causes for the development type 2 diabetes. There is a limited study done on the contribution of body mass index (BMI) to blood pressure (BP) in the Caribbean population. Aim of our study was to determine the associations between lipid profile, BMI, adiponectin, and BP in Trinidadian type 2 diabetic patients with regards to age and ethnicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cohort study comprised of 266 subjects (85 males and 181 females) attending primary and tertiary healthcare settings in central Trinidad...

BACKGROUND: Genetic variation in multiple genes associated with hemostasis and thrombosis is well documented to impact the rates of future venous thromboembolism; in addition, trauma and orthopedic surgery in lower limb and immobilization are important factors in increasing the incidence of thrombosis. Gene mutation can be predisposing factor for thrombosis in traumatic patients under anti-coagulant agent prophylaxis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the different gene mutations in these patients...