Tissue & Cell

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrotic lung condition that produces symptoms including coughing which may cause by excessive accumulation of scar tissue inflammatory and oxidative stress exacerbation. Sumatriptan, utilized for migraine treatment as a selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist, has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in multiple preclinical investigations. Operating primarily on serotonin receptors, sumatriptan leverages the diverse physiological functions of serotonin, playing a pivotal role in regulating both inflammation and oxidative stress which is particularly relevant in the context of IPF...

Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive snail species causing major problems in agriculture. The snail biology was then investigated. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the nervous system of the snail. The nervous system comprises pairs of cerebral, buccal, pedal, pleural, parietal ganglia and an unpaired visceral ganglion. Most neurons were concentrated at the periphery of the ganglia. The neurons were classified into four types: NR1, NR2, NR3, and NR4. The percentages of the NR3 and NR4 in the pleural and pedal ganglia were significantly higher than those of other ganglia...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/ gel porous scaffolds loaded with WSM carriers are promising bone replacement materials that can improve osseointegration ability. This investigation aimed to evaluate the osteoinductive activity by implanting the composition of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/ Gel porous scaffolds as a carrier of WSM via an animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: WSM was extracted and nHA was added to the matrix to construct porous composite scaffolds...

Telomerase is present in cells with numerous or even un-limited replicative cycles, and some studies suggest it is a stemness marker. In order to determine whether this is the case for the human hair bulbs, an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study has been carried out using antibodies against telomerase and PCNA (a cell proliferation marker). The observed labeling is similar for the two antibodies here utilized and is mainly nuclear. More frequent telomerase-positive cells are seen in the matrix epithelium of anagen hair bulbs but sparse labeled cells are also seen in the outer root sheath...

BACKGROUND: Adiponectin (APN) has exhibited ameliorating effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigates the roles of APN and its regulatory molecules in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and the progression of NAFLD. METHODS: Mice were subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) to establish NAFLD models. Liver tissue was examined for lipid metabolism, fibrosis, and inflammation. Mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes were exposed to palmitic acid (PA) to mimic a high-fat environment...

AIM: To explore the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and their conditioned medium (MSC-CM) in repairing the endometritis mouse model in vivo. METHODS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce acute inflammation in endometritis mouse model. Mice were treated in six groups: control group (PBS), model group (LPS), LPS+MSC-CM (6 h) group, LPS+MSC-CM (12 h) group, LPS+MSCs (6 h) group and LPS+MSCs (12 h) group...

Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines knowledge from various disciplines, including biology, chemistry, sports medicine, fluid dynamics, kinetic biomechanics, and microelectronics, to manipulate and control fluids and particles in micron-scale channels and chambers. These channels and chambers can be fabricated using different materials and methods to achieve various geometries and shapes. Microfluidics has numerous biomedical applications, such as drug encapsulation, nanoparticle preparation, cell targeting, analysis, diagnosis, and treatment of sports injuries in both professional and non-professional athletes...

The hyperpermeability of intestinal epithelium is a key contributor to the occurrence and development of systemic inflammation. Although D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) exhibits various protective effects, whether it affects the permeability of intestinal epithelium in systemic inflammation has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the effects of BHB on the intestinal epithelial permeability, the epithelial marker E-cadherin and the tight junction protein Claudin-1 in colon in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation mouse model...

We report use of human buccal epithelial cells as an easy model system for isolation and molecular analysis of genomic DNA, RNA, and protein to study any gene of interest by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), RNA expression by Reverse Transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), protein-profiling, and expression by western blot as well as DNA-methylation by Msp I/Hpa II-restriction digestion. We used simple methods to isolate genomic DNA, RNA and protein from human buccal cells collected by oral swab and cultured them in-vitro...

BACKGROUND: T2DM is a chronic disorder with progressive neuromuscular alterations. L-arginine (ARG) is the most common semi-essential amino acid having several metabolic functions. AIM: to investigate the impact of L-arginine in combating diabetic-induced neuromyopathy and its possible mechanisms. MATERIALS & METHODS: 24 rats were divided into CON, CON+ARG, DC, DC+ARG. Behavioral tests, Body weight (BW), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and irisin were done...

Hair loss disorder (alopecia) affects numerous people around the world. The low effectiveness and numerous side effects of common treatments have prompted researchers to investigate alternative and effective solutions. Hair follicle (HF) bioengineering is the knowledge of using hair-inductive (trichogenic) cells. Most bioengineering-based approaches focus on regenerating folliculogenesis through manipulation of regulators of physical/molecular properties in the HF niche. Despite the high potential of cell therapy, no cell product has been produced for effective treatment in the field of hair regeneration...

Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) is known as a significant contributor to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Propofol, an anesthetic agent, has been studied for its potential protective effects against lung damage. This study aimed to elucidate the protective mechanisms of propofol against CSE-induced damage in human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells. In CSE-induced 16HBE cells treated by propofol with or without transfection of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) interference plasmids, CCK-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay evaluated cytotoxicity...

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis is a risk factor for colorectal carcinoma. Different mechanisms are related to colitis like apoptosis and hyperproliferation. Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MO) provides a promising option to overcome the risk. PURPOSE: To examine the colonic changes in a rat model of colitis induced by sodium nitrate (SN) and study the effects of MO. STUDY DESIGN: Eight adult male rats were allocated in each of the three group; control (distilled water), SN (100 mg/kg/day, orally via gastric gavage), and SN + MO (100 mg/kg/day, orally via gastric gavage)...

Chondrocytes undergo endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced apoptosis under abnormal stimulation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the regulatory effect of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway on ERS and its effect on chondrocyte apoptosis. In addition, we established a unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model in rats to induce temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). Chondrocytes were isolated from the temporomandibular joints and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the change and pathological significance of glycogen content in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). METHODS AND MATERIALS: 13 normal oral mucosa (NOM), 12 OSF mucosa, and 35 pairs of OSCC tissues and their corresponding adjacent mucosa tissues (AT) were collected from Xiangya Hospital for PAS staining to detect glycogen. Transcriptome sequencing data from OSCC were used to compare glycogen metabolism gene expression differences...

The Greek tortoise, inhabiting harsh desert environments, provides a compelling case for investigating skin adaptations to extreme conditions. We have utilized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence analysis to describe the structure of the arid-adapted limb skin in the Greek tortoise. Our aim was to identify the cell types that reflect the skin adaptation of this tortoise to arid conditions. Utilizing seven antibodies, we localized and elucidated the functions of various skin cells, shedding light on how the tortoise adapts to adverse environmental conditions...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of E26-transformation-specific variant-2 (ETV2) overexpression on wound healing in a cutaneous wound (CW) model and clarify associated mechanisms. pLVX-ETV2 lentivirus expressing ETV2 was constructed and infected into BMSCs to generate ETV2-overexpressed BMSCs (BMSCs+pLVX+ETV2). The RT-PCR assay was applied to amplify ETV2, VE-cadherin, vWF, ARG-1, IL-6, iNOS, TGF-β, IL-10, TNF-α. Western blot was used to determine expression of VE-cadherin and vWF. ETV2 induced differentiation of BMSCs into ECs by increasing CDH5/CD31, triggering tube-like structures, inducing Dil-Ac-LDL positive BMSCs...

Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonotic parasite infects many livestock species, especially cattle, sheep, goat and buffalo, causing cystic echinococcosis. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the presence of the parasite and parasitic tissue damage histopathologically and to determine the role of oxidative stress in the tissue damage through the immunohistochemical detection of the oxidative damage-marker malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidant response-marker superoxide dismutase (SOD). The material of the study consisted of 20 liver samples with Echinococcus cysts and 10 E...

The current study was conducted to determine the precise mechanisms of Sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1), TGF- β (Transforming Growth Factor-β), and long non-coding RNA Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (LncRNA MALAT-1) in signaling pathways in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced nephrotoxicity. The potential therapeutic effect of Resveratrol and Pirfenidone in DOX toxicity was also assessed. Thirty-six male adult rats were evenly distributed into four groups: Group 1: control rats. Group 2: DOX exposed rats' group, each animal received 7...

The ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, with both high quantities and quality, is considered a paramount issue in cell and gene therapy for hematological diseases. Complex interactions between the bone marrow microenvironment and hematopoietic stem cells reveal the importance of using 2D and 3D coculture as a physiological system simulator in the proliferation, differentiation, and homeostasis of HSCs. Herein, the capacity of mesenchymal stem cells derived from different sources to support the expansion and maintenance of HSPC was compared with each other...