Peter Sutovsky, Lauren E Hamilton, Michal Zigo, Mayra E Ortiz D'Avila Assumpção, Alexis Jones, Filip Tirpak, Yuksel Agca, Karl Kerns, Miriam Sutovsky
Conventional, brightfield-microscopic semen analysis provides important baseline information about sperm quality of an individual; however, it falls short of identifying subtle subcellular and molecular defects in cohorts of "bad", defective human and animal spermatozoa with seemingly normal phenotypes. To bridge this gap, it is desirable to increase the precision of andrological evaluation in humans and livestock animals by pursuing advanced biomarker-based imaging methods. This review, spiced up with occasional classic movie references but seriously scholastic at the same time, focuses mainly on the biomarkers of altered male germ cell proteostasis resulting in post-testicular carryovers of proteins associated with ubiquitin-proteasome system...
April 19, 2024: Biology of Reproduction