European Surgical Research. Europäische Chirurgische Forschung. Recherches Chirurgicales Européennes

UNLABELLED: İntroduction: Today, preoperative fasting guidelines have changed, allowing clear liquid intake up to 1 hour before surgery. However, concerns remain regarding the risk of aspiration associated with clear liquid intake. This study aimed to investigate the impact of clear fluid given 1 hour before surgery on child anxiety and gastric volumes. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled study included 90 patients aged 5-12 years. Group F (n = 30): Standard fasting group...

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is associated with postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and erosive esophagitis (EE). The role of crural repair during LSG is still controversial. The preoperative laxity of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), graded by the Hill's classification, is more predictive for postoperative GERD and EE after LSG than the presence of a hiatal hernia seen on endoscopy. Thus, the authors hypothesize that a concomitant crural repair in a specific subgroup of patients with a lax GEJ (Hill's III) may reduce the incidence of postoperative GERD and EE...

BACKGROUND: Recycling transplant kidneys, in other words using an allograft which has previously been transplanted in one recipient for transplant in a second recipient, can be a source of opportunity for expanding the pool of available grafts in the United States and beyond. SUMMARY: We describe a case of renal transplantation from a donor who had undergone a kidney transplant 3 years prior and had good graft function at the time of procurement. The recipient underwent transplantation uneventfully and to date has demonstrated excellent graft function...

Background Clinical Artificial intelligence (AI) has reached a critical inflection point. Advances in algorithmic science and increased understanding of operational considerations in AI deployment are opening the door to widespread clinical pathway transformation. For surgery in particular, the application of machine learning algorithms in fields such as computer vision and operative robotics are poised to radically change how we screen, diagnose, risk-stratify, treat and follow-up patients, in both pre- and post-operative stages, and within operating theatres...

The perpetual organ shortage crisis worldwide has meant a paradigm shift in global thinking with subsequent expansion of the accepted criteria for an organ donor to meet the demand. Robust pre-transplant organ viability assessment is the next great challenge in the field of transplantation today. Organ preservation in the nature of static cold storage has reached its limits, and machine perfusion both cold and warm offers theoretically superior preservation and the potential to assess organs. Microdialysis is a novel technique with proven ability to allow remote assessment of tissue biochemistry and metabolism...

INTRODUCTION: Healing is essential for successful colorectal surgery. Optimal microcirculation is needed to ensure this; however, this is only subjectively assessed by the surgeon. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (LSCI) is an objective non-contact, image-based method to quantify microcirculation in bowel ends. This study aimed to evaluate the application of LSCI in an open surgery porcine model, determine differences between normal and impaired microcirculation, and test the LSCI applicability to repeated measurements...

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this work is the evaluation of surface modification in surgery of normally used hernia implants and thus improving their antimicrobial properties. The modification consisted of applying hybrid nanolayers with immobilized antiseptic substances (metal cations of Ag, Cu and Zn) by sol-gel method which ensures prolonged effect of these substances and thus enables a greater resistance of the implant towards infection. In this work attention is drawn to the issue of applying hybrid nanolayers, activation of mesh surfaces by physical plasma modification or UV C radiation and influence of these modifications on the mechanical properties of the final meshes...

INTRODUCTION: Anastomotic leaks are serious postoperative complications. Current experimental studies designed to investigate leaks are based on acute intraoperative dehiscence of the anastomosis. Clinically, however, AL usually happens later in the post-operative course. Presented here is a clinically relevant colonic anastomotic leak model in swine. METHODS: 17 Yorkshire pigs were divided into 2 groups: the control group (n=6) and the experimental group (n=11)...

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhage is a challenging complication of pelvic surgery. This study aimed to analyze the causes, management and factors associated with morbidity in patients experiencing major pelvic hemorrhage during complex abdomino-pelvic surgery. METHODS: Patients who had major intraoperative pelvic hemorrhage during complex abdomino-pelvic surgery at 11 tertiary referral centers between 1997-2017 were included. Patient characteristics, management strategies to control bleeding, short and long term postoperative outcomes were evaluated retrospectively...

INTRODUCTION: Calcium is an essential co-factor in the coagulation cascade and hypocalcemia is associated with adverse outcomes in bleeding patients, including trauma patients, women with postpartum hemorrhage, and patients with intracranial hemorrhage. In this retrospective, single-center, cohort study, we aimed to determine whether admission ionized calcium (Ca++) is associated with higher rates of therapeutic interventions among patients presenting with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NV-UGIB)...

INTRODUCTION: The impact of ustekinumab (UST) therapy on surgical complications in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to explore the link between these two. METHODS: Databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Springer Link) were searched until April 2022. Studies of CD patients who received UST and no UST prior to surgery (including no biological therapy, anti-TNF-α agent, and VDZ) were included...

INTRODUCTION: The vagus nerve has an important role in satiety, metabolism and autonomic control in upper gastrointestinal function. However, the role and effects of vagal nerve therapy on weight loss remain controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effects of vagal nerve therapy on weight loss, body mass index (BMI) and obesity-related conditions. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases were searched for studies up to April 2022 that reported on % excess weight loss (%EWL) or BMI at 12 months or remission of obesity-related conditions following vagal nerve therapy from January 2000 to April 2022...

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BACKGROUND: The potential for exhaled breath to be a valuable diagnostic tool is often overlooked, as it can be difficult to imagine how a barely visible sample of breath could hold such a rich source of information about the state of our health. However, technological advances over the last fifty years have enabled us to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in exhaled breath, and this provides the key to understanding the wealth of information contained within these readily available samples...

INTRODUCTION: The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP; also known as a heart-lung machine) in newborns with complex congenital heart defects may result in brain damage. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments cannot be performed safely because the metal components used to construct CBP devices may elicit adverse effects on patients when they are placed in a magnetic field. Thus, this project aimed to develop a prototype MR-conditional circulatory support system that could be used to perform cerebral perfusion studies in animal models...

INTRODUCTION: This research aims to explore the expression levels of microRNA (miR)-300/BCL2L11 and their values in the clinical diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). METHODS: Pathological tissues that were surgically removed for thyroid disease were selected. miR-300 and BCL2L11 expression levels in the samples were measured. ROC curves were plotted to analyze miR-300 and BCL2L11 predictive values for PTC. Upon silencing miR-300 and Silencing BCL2L11 in PTC cells, the corresponding miR-300 and BCL2L11 expression levels were tested, followed by examining PTC cell activities...

Purpose Although the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) is the most widely utilized method for quantifying surgical complications, it fails to properly capture all events. To address this, the comprehensive complication index (CCI) was introduced. The purpose of this study was to compare the CCI and CDC as predictors of postoperative length of stay (PLOS) and total hospitalization costs in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Methods Data were collected from February 2018 to February 2021. Complications were graded on the CDC scale and the CCI was calculated for each patient...

Introductionː Preoperative carbohydrate oral (CHO) drinks attenuate the surgical stress response; however, the effects of CHO supplementation on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an inflammatory and immunology-based predictor remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of preoperative CHO loading on NLR values and complications following open colorectal surgery compared with a conventional fasting protocol. Methodsː Sixty eligible participants having planned for routine and open colorectal cancer surgery from May 2020 to January 2022 were prospectively and randomly allocated to either the control (fasting) group, whose members discontinued oral intake beginning the midnight before surgery, or the intervention (CHO), group, whose members consumed a CHO solution the night before surgery and 2 h prior to anaesthesia...

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive jaundice is known to affect intestinal permeability and facilitate bacterial translocation through related mechanisms. This study was conducted to evaluate the alterations concerning blood biochemistry and levels of several markers of oxidative stress (OS) in blood and intestinal mucosa caused by obstructive jaundice and how these fluctuate over time, in order to further explore the possibility of intervening in the OS path in future experiments. METHODS: A total of 54 albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (control, sham-operated, and bile duct ligation) and sacrificed at specific time intervals (12 h and 2, 7, and 14 days)...

Introduction Short-term fasting protects against renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). mTOR signaling is downregulated and may be involved in its protective effect. Rapamycin is considered a possible mimetic as it inhibits the mTOR-pathway. This study examines the effect of rapamycin on renal IRI. Methods Mice were divided in four groups : Ad libitum(AL), Fasted (F), AL treated with rapamycin (AL+R) and F treated with rapamycin (F+R). Rapamycin was administered intraperitoneally 24h before bilateral renal IRI was induced...